Alcohol and mental illness are related, but what’s the link? Check out our blog to unravel the science and separate fact from fiction in our latest blog. Is alcoholism considered a disease? And what are the signs to watch out for? We’ve got the answers!
Although it isn’t a treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD), the Reframe app can help you cut back on drinking gradually with the science-backed knowledge to empower you 100% of the way. Our proven program has helped millions of people around the world drink less and live more. And we want to help you get there, too!
The Reframe app equips you with the knowledge and skills you need to not only survive drinking less, but to thrive while you navigate the journey. Our daily research-backed readings teach you the neuroscience of alcohol, and our in-app Toolkit provides the resources and activities you need to navigate each challenge.
You’ll meet millions of fellow Reframers in our 24/7 Forum chat and daily Zoom check-in meetings. Receive encouragement from people worldwide who know exactly what you’re going through! You’ll also have the opportunity to connect with our licensed Reframe coaches for more personalized guidance.
Plus, we’re always introducing new features to optimize your in-app experience. We recently launched our in-app chatbot, Melody, powered by the world’s most powerful AI technology. Melody is here to help as you adjust to a life with less (or no) alcohol.
And that’s not all! Every month, we launch fun challenges, like Dry/Damp January, Mental Health May, and Outdoorsy June. You won’t want to miss out on the chance to participate alongside fellow Reframers (or solo if that’s more your thing!).
The Reframe app is free for 7 days, so you don’t have anything to lose by trying it. Are you ready to feel empowered and discover life beyond alcohol? Then download our app today!
As the old saying goes, “First you take a drink, then the drink takes a drink, then the drink takes you.”
Incidentally, the saying is sometimes attributed to American writer F. Scott Fitzgerald. And while he almost certainly didn’t make it up, it’s worth noting that “the drink” really did take “the man” in his case. Caught in the grip of alcohol misuse for much of his adult life, the writer achieved a year of sobriety before his untimely death at age 44. Unfortunately, it seems that years of drinking and the health problems that came with it had already taken their toll.
But how did he get there? How does anyone, for that matter, get to the point where the drink “takes them”? Is alcoholism a mental illness that makes it impossible to untangle ourselves from its grip once it has a hold on us? The answer is a bit more complicated than we might think.
Nobody thinks it will happen to them. It starts out innocently enough: the first taste of alcohol, then regular drinks with friends on the weekend. Then the weekend starts on Thursday (or Wednesday, especially when the bar is having a two for one special or it’s been a rough week). Then it becomes a nightly thing. Eventually, we find ourselves too shaky to brush our teeth before tossing back a drink in the morning, or we wake up with our mind racing at 3 a.m. and quiet it with booze just so we can get a few hours of rest.
Whether or not we want to define ourselves as an “alcoholic,” there’s clearly a problem. And it’s getting worse at record speed.
But is alcoholism considered a disease? In many ways, this is the question of the century.
The short answer is yes, it is. But that wasn’t always the case. In the past, alcohol addiction has been seen as everything from a moral failing to a curse or demonic possession. Throughout the 19th century and at the cusp of the 20th, the scientific community recognized the physical “disease-like” nature of the problem. However, modern disease theory was still in its infancy and pre-Darwinian notions of “degenerationism” — a belief that moral failings were passed down from one generation to the next, leading to eventual extinction of entire family lines — loomed large.
As a result, those who found themselves in the grips of alcohol misuse were in a frustrating double bind: their problem was seen as a moral one, but they were “doomed” to succumb to it no matter what. Depressing indeed. (But don’t worry, as we move through the century, things start looking up.)
As the 20th century brought about improvements in the scientific understanding of the brain, the medical community increasingly looked at “alcoholism” as a disease. However, the lines between personal choice, habit, and compulsion remained blurry.
In fact, even the word “alcoholism” is a bit confusing. Someone who is an “alcoholic” is obviously suffering, but how much of their trouble is of their own doing? There’s an undeniable dose of judgment in the term.
In 1994, the American Psychiatric Association (APA) threw out the term “alcoholism” in favor of “alcohol abuse” and “alcohol dependence.” The difference is subtle, yet important: it’s not “us,” it’s “it” (or, more precisely, the way we’re using it).
In 2013, the definitions changed again — this time to “alcohol use disorder” (AUD). According to the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), “Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a medical condition characterized by an impaired ability to stop or control alcohol use despite adverse social, occupational, or health consequences. It encompasses the conditions that some people refer to as alcohol abuse, alcohol dependence, alcohol addiction, and the colloquial term, alcoholism. Considered a brain disorder, AUD can be mild, moderate, or severe.”
The current Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) defines AUD as a psychiatric disorder. And in the sense that psychiatric disorders and mental illnesses are synonymous, we can say that yes, AUD is a “mental illness.”
But when exactly does the “disease” or “illness” start? The line between what starts out as a habit but progresses into physical dependence is, by definition, a blurry one. Nobody starts out planning to develop AUD, and yet most people drink socially for a good part of their adult lives. So how does a socially acceptable behavior morph into one we find on the pages of the DSM?
To clarify this situation, let’s start by looking at alcohol’s effect on the brain, since that’s what sets the process that eventually leads to AUD in motion. Then we’ll see how that effect changes as we continue to drink in excess.
It’s no secret that alcohol has a powerful effect on the brain. Here’s the gist:
For a deeper look, check out “How Alcohol Affects the Brain.” But for now, let’s turn our attention to the timeline of what happens as alcohol turns from a casual presence to a constant in our lives.
While alcohol has the same effect on everyone’s brain, the question of alcohol and mental health — specifically whether or not there’s a mental illness at play — is a bit more complicated. Let’s look at the stages through which the problem typically progresses: how casual use gets heavier and turns into misuse and dependence.
In This Naked Mind, Annie Grace describes dependence in this way:
“You drink to end the distress. The drink itself does not provide enjoyment, but you sincerely enjoy ending the nuisance of wanting a drink. The relief is so strong you feel happy, even giddy. You drink to get the feeling of peace that someone who is not dependent on alcohol always feels.”
At this point, we’re clearly in dangerous waters. The drink has “taken us.”
Once we reach dependence, a three-step cycle is set in motion. The NIAAA defines it as a repeating cycle with three stages. Each stage feeds into the next, and each person might go through it over the course of many weeks or even months. As our problem gets worse, however, we might find ourselves spinning through the stages several times a day, trapped in a roller coaster that leaves us more nauseous, disoriented, and exhausted with each turn. Here’s the pattern.
1. Binge/intoxication stage. At this stage, we give in to the craving to get the “reward” (such as alcohol). As a result, the cycle is set in motion.
2. Negative emotions/withdrawal stage. We feel bad about falling back into old patterns and might try to stop, only to suffer from withdrawal symptoms and stress that comes with them.
3. Preoccupation/anticipation stage. We start feeling better, but face cravings and eventually give in to impulsive actions, unable to exercise executive function.
Each of the stages in the cycle involves a different part of the brain. The basal ganglia is involved in the reward pathway activated by drinking; the extended amygdala is involved in the emotional turmoil that follows; and the prefrontal cortex (its inhibition, to be exact) comes into play in the inability to control our impulses. We’re stuck in one of the most frustrating types of prisons — one that locks us inside our own mind.
As if the situation weren’t challenging enough, there’s another complicating factor: AUD often comes with other disorders, some of which might be easier to categorize as “mental illnesses.” Here are the most common ones that tend to go in tandem with AUD.
While some of these disorders fall into the classic “mental illness” definition more easily, it’s often difficult to untangle their trajectory from that of AUD. For one thing, there’s a classic chicken-and-egg dilemma at play: it’s not always clear which condition comes first. Moreover, the symptoms — mood instability, impulsive behaviors, insomnia, and isolation, to name a few — tend to be similar. The conditions also affect one another in complex ways, taking turns at the wheel of what feels like a runaway train as we desperately try to hold on. (But don’t despair! We have good news ahead.)
A major source of hope that comes with defining a condition as an “illness” is that illnesses have cures (or, at least, treatments). Thankfully, AUD — as well as the co-occurring disorders that might come with it — are no exception.
AUD recovery is possible, and today there are more resources than ever available to help you along the way. Here’s an overview:
With these tips, you can set yourself up for success on the journey. We wish you the best of luck and are here to support you every step of the way! (For more information on AUD treatment approaches, check out “Understanding the Stages of Alcohol Use Disorder: Causes and Treatment” and “Types of Therapy for Alcohol Misuse.”)
In the end, instead of wondering whether AUD is a mental illness, we might be better off asking a different question: how do we get past it? And, just as importantly, how can we keep casual alcohol use from sliding into heavy use, misuse, and dependence? At Reframe, we’re here to help you tackle the problem head-on and support you every step of the way. Check out our vibrant community and science-backed program that makes quitting or cutting back easy, achievable, and fun!
As the old saying goes, “First you take a drink, then the drink takes a drink, then the drink takes you.”
Incidentally, the saying is sometimes attributed to American writer F. Scott Fitzgerald. And while he almost certainly didn’t make it up, it’s worth noting that “the drink” really did take “the man” in his case. Caught in the grip of alcohol misuse for much of his adult life, the writer achieved a year of sobriety before his untimely death at age 44. Unfortunately, it seems that years of drinking and the health problems that came with it had already taken their toll.
But how did he get there? How does anyone, for that matter, get to the point where the drink “takes them”? Is alcoholism a mental illness that makes it impossible to untangle ourselves from its grip once it has a hold on us? The answer is a bit more complicated than we might think.
Nobody thinks it will happen to them. It starts out innocently enough: the first taste of alcohol, then regular drinks with friends on the weekend. Then the weekend starts on Thursday (or Wednesday, especially when the bar is having a two for one special or it’s been a rough week). Then it becomes a nightly thing. Eventually, we find ourselves too shaky to brush our teeth before tossing back a drink in the morning, or we wake up with our mind racing at 3 a.m. and quiet it with booze just so we can get a few hours of rest.
Whether or not we want to define ourselves as an “alcoholic,” there’s clearly a problem. And it’s getting worse at record speed.
But is alcoholism considered a disease? In many ways, this is the question of the century.
The short answer is yes, it is. But that wasn’t always the case. In the past, alcohol addiction has been seen as everything from a moral failing to a curse or demonic possession. Throughout the 19th century and at the cusp of the 20th, the scientific community recognized the physical “disease-like” nature of the problem. However, modern disease theory was still in its infancy and pre-Darwinian notions of “degenerationism” — a belief that moral failings were passed down from one generation to the next, leading to eventual extinction of entire family lines — loomed large.
As a result, those who found themselves in the grips of alcohol misuse were in a frustrating double bind: their problem was seen as a moral one, but they were “doomed” to succumb to it no matter what. Depressing indeed. (But don’t worry, as we move through the century, things start looking up.)
As the 20th century brought about improvements in the scientific understanding of the brain, the medical community increasingly looked at “alcoholism” as a disease. However, the lines between personal choice, habit, and compulsion remained blurry.
In fact, even the word “alcoholism” is a bit confusing. Someone who is an “alcoholic” is obviously suffering, but how much of their trouble is of their own doing? There’s an undeniable dose of judgment in the term.
In 1994, the American Psychiatric Association (APA) threw out the term “alcoholism” in favor of “alcohol abuse” and “alcohol dependence.” The difference is subtle, yet important: it’s not “us,” it’s “it” (or, more precisely, the way we’re using it).
In 2013, the definitions changed again — this time to “alcohol use disorder” (AUD). According to the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), “Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a medical condition characterized by an impaired ability to stop or control alcohol use despite adverse social, occupational, or health consequences. It encompasses the conditions that some people refer to as alcohol abuse, alcohol dependence, alcohol addiction, and the colloquial term, alcoholism. Considered a brain disorder, AUD can be mild, moderate, or severe.”
The current Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) defines AUD as a psychiatric disorder. And in the sense that psychiatric disorders and mental illnesses are synonymous, we can say that yes, AUD is a “mental illness.”
But when exactly does the “disease” or “illness” start? The line between what starts out as a habit but progresses into physical dependence is, by definition, a blurry one. Nobody starts out planning to develop AUD, and yet most people drink socially for a good part of their adult lives. So how does a socially acceptable behavior morph into one we find on the pages of the DSM?
To clarify this situation, let’s start by looking at alcohol’s effect on the brain, since that’s what sets the process that eventually leads to AUD in motion. Then we’ll see how that effect changes as we continue to drink in excess.
It’s no secret that alcohol has a powerful effect on the brain. Here’s the gist:
For a deeper look, check out “How Alcohol Affects the Brain.” But for now, let’s turn our attention to the timeline of what happens as alcohol turns from a casual presence to a constant in our lives.
While alcohol has the same effect on everyone’s brain, the question of alcohol and mental health — specifically whether or not there’s a mental illness at play — is a bit more complicated. Let’s look at the stages through which the problem typically progresses: how casual use gets heavier and turns into misuse and dependence.
In This Naked Mind, Annie Grace describes dependence in this way:
“You drink to end the distress. The drink itself does not provide enjoyment, but you sincerely enjoy ending the nuisance of wanting a drink. The relief is so strong you feel happy, even giddy. You drink to get the feeling of peace that someone who is not dependent on alcohol always feels.”
At this point, we’re clearly in dangerous waters. The drink has “taken us.”
Once we reach dependence, a three-step cycle is set in motion. The NIAAA defines it as a repeating cycle with three stages. Each stage feeds into the next, and each person might go through it over the course of many weeks or even months. As our problem gets worse, however, we might find ourselves spinning through the stages several times a day, trapped in a roller coaster that leaves us more nauseous, disoriented, and exhausted with each turn. Here’s the pattern.
1. Binge/intoxication stage. At this stage, we give in to the craving to get the “reward” (such as alcohol). As a result, the cycle is set in motion.
2. Negative emotions/withdrawal stage. We feel bad about falling back into old patterns and might try to stop, only to suffer from withdrawal symptoms and stress that comes with them.
3. Preoccupation/anticipation stage. We start feeling better, but face cravings and eventually give in to impulsive actions, unable to exercise executive function.
Each of the stages in the cycle involves a different part of the brain. The basal ganglia is involved in the reward pathway activated by drinking; the extended amygdala is involved in the emotional turmoil that follows; and the prefrontal cortex (its inhibition, to be exact) comes into play in the inability to control our impulses. We’re stuck in one of the most frustrating types of prisons — one that locks us inside our own mind.
As if the situation weren’t challenging enough, there’s another complicating factor: AUD often comes with other disorders, some of which might be easier to categorize as “mental illnesses.” Here are the most common ones that tend to go in tandem with AUD.
While some of these disorders fall into the classic “mental illness” definition more easily, it’s often difficult to untangle their trajectory from that of AUD. For one thing, there’s a classic chicken-and-egg dilemma at play: it’s not always clear which condition comes first. Moreover, the symptoms — mood instability, impulsive behaviors, insomnia, and isolation, to name a few — tend to be similar. The conditions also affect one another in complex ways, taking turns at the wheel of what feels like a runaway train as we desperately try to hold on. (But don’t despair! We have good news ahead.)
A major source of hope that comes with defining a condition as an “illness” is that illnesses have cures (or, at least, treatments). Thankfully, AUD — as well as the co-occurring disorders that might come with it — are no exception.
AUD recovery is possible, and today there are more resources than ever available to help you along the way. Here’s an overview:
With these tips, you can set yourself up for success on the journey. We wish you the best of luck and are here to support you every step of the way! (For more information on AUD treatment approaches, check out “Understanding the Stages of Alcohol Use Disorder: Causes and Treatment” and “Types of Therapy for Alcohol Misuse.”)
In the end, instead of wondering whether AUD is a mental illness, we might be better off asking a different question: how do we get past it? And, just as importantly, how can we keep casual alcohol use from sliding into heavy use, misuse, and dependence? At Reframe, we’re here to help you tackle the problem head-on and support you every step of the way. Check out our vibrant community and science-backed program that makes quitting or cutting back easy, achievable, and fun!
Explore the complex relationship between alcohol consumption and its exacerbation of depressive symptoms, highlighting the immediate and long-term psychological impacts, and offering strategies for healthier habits.
Although it isn’t a treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD), the Reframe app can help you cut back on drinking gradually, with the science-backed knowledge to empower you 100% of the way. Our proven program has helped millions of people around the world drink less and live more. And we want to help you get there, too!
The Reframe app equips you with the knowledge and skills you need to not only survive drinking less, but to thrive while you navigate the journey. Our daily research-backed readings teach you the neuroscience of alcohol, and our in-app Toolkit provides the resources and activities you need to navigate each challenge.
You’ll meet millions of fellow Reframers in our 24/7 Forum chat and daily Zoom check-in meetings. Receive encouragement from people worldwide who know exactly what you’re going through! You’ll also have the opportunity to connect with our licensed Reframe coaches for more personalized guidance.
Plus, we’re always introducing new features to optimize your in-app experience. We recently launched our in-app chatbot, Melody, powered by the world’s most powerful AI technology. Melody is here to help as you adjust to a life with less (or no) alcohol.
And that’s not all! Every month, we launch fun challenges, like Dry/Damp January, Mental Health May, and Outdoorsy June. You won’t want to miss out on the chance to participate alongside fellow Reframers (or solo if that’s more your thing!).
The Reframe app is free for 7 days, so you don’t have anything to lose by trying it. Are you ready to feel empowered and discover life beyond alcohol? Then download our app through the App Store or Google Play today!
Alcohol has long been used as a social lubricant and a means of relaxation. However, its impact on mental health, particularly its ability to exacerbate depressive symptoms, is often overlooked or underestimated. Understanding the complex relationship between alcohol and depression is crucial for anyone looking to build healthier drinking habits and improve their overall well-being.
At first glance, alcohol might seem like a mood enhancer. It often makes us feel more sociable, relaxed, and temporarily happy. However, alcohol is, in fact, a depressant. This dual nature can be misleading, as the initial euphoria quickly gives way to a host of negative psychological effects.
When you consume alcohol, it initially stimulates the release of dopamine, the brain's "feel-good" chemical. This surge in dopamine can create a temporary sense of euphoria. However, this feeling is short-lived. As alcohol continues to affect the central nervous system, it begins to slow down brain activity, leading to impaired judgment, reduced inhibitions, and eventually, a depressive state.
For more on the immediate and lasting impacts of alcohol on mental health, check out our article on How Alcohol Worsens Your Mental Health.
Regular alcohol consumption can lead to significant changes in brain chemistry. Over time, alcohol reduces the levels of neurotransmitters like serotonin and norepinephrine, which are essential for regulating mood. Lower levels of these chemicals can lead to increased feelings of depression and anxiety.
Additionally, chronic alcohol use can increase the production of dynorphin, a chemical that contributes to feelings of dysphoria and depression. This creates a vicious cycle where individuals may drink more to alleviate their depressive symptoms, only to find that their condition worsens over time.
For a deeper dive into how alcohol affects brain chemistry and mental health, read our detailed article on The Connection Between Alcohol and Mental Health.
Many people turn to alcohol as a form of self-medication to cope with stress, anxiety, or depressive symptoms. While this might provide temporary relief, it often leads to a worsening of symptoms in the long run. Alcohol can disrupt sleep patterns, increase anxiety, and create a dependency that makes it even harder to manage depressive symptoms without it.
Studies have shown that persistent and excessive drinking can significantly increase the risk of developing major depressive disorder (MDD). Alcohol misuse can aggravate pre-existing depressive symptoms, making it more difficult for individuals to find effective treatment.
For more information on how alcohol can serve as a depressant and its broader implications, you can read our article on Is Alcohol a Depressant? What Does It Mean?.
Alcohol disrupts the balance of neurotransmitters in the brain, which are crucial for mood regulation. Chronic alcohol use can lead to a decrease in serotonin levels, contributing to depressive symptoms. Moreover, alcohol-induced changes in the brain's reward system can make it more challenging to experience pleasure from everyday activities, further exacerbating depression.
Alcohol consumption triggers the release of cortisol, a stress hormone. Elevated cortisol levels can alter brain chemistry and negatively impact the body's ability to handle stress. Over time, this can lead to heightened anxiety and depressive symptoms, creating a cycle that is difficult to break.
One of the most effective ways to improve mental health and reduce depressive symptoms is to cut back on alcohol consumption. Even small reductions can lead to significant improvements in mood and overall well-being.
Finding healthier ways to cope with stress and anxiety is crucial. Exercise, meditation, and engaging in hobbies can provide natural mood boosts and help manage depressive symptoms without relying on alcohol.
If you find it difficult to reduce alcohol consumption on your own, seeking professional help can be beneficial. Therapists and counselors can provide strategies and support to help you manage both your alcohol use and depressive symptoms effectively.
While alcohol might seem like a quick fix for stress or a way to unwind, its long-term impact on mental health can be detrimental. Understanding the relationship between alcohol and depression is essential for anyone looking to build healthier drinking habits. By reducing alcohol consumption and finding alternative ways to manage stress and anxiety, you can improve your mental well-being and break the cycle of alcohol-induced depression.
Alcohol has long been used as a social lubricant and a means of relaxation. However, its impact on mental health, particularly its ability to exacerbate depressive symptoms, is often overlooked or underestimated. Understanding the complex relationship between alcohol and depression is crucial for anyone looking to build healthier drinking habits and improve their overall well-being.
At first glance, alcohol might seem like a mood enhancer. It often makes us feel more sociable, relaxed, and temporarily happy. However, alcohol is, in fact, a depressant. This dual nature can be misleading, as the initial euphoria quickly gives way to a host of negative psychological effects.
When you consume alcohol, it initially stimulates the release of dopamine, the brain's "feel-good" chemical. This surge in dopamine can create a temporary sense of euphoria. However, this feeling is short-lived. As alcohol continues to affect the central nervous system, it begins to slow down brain activity, leading to impaired judgment, reduced inhibitions, and eventually, a depressive state.
For more on the immediate and lasting impacts of alcohol on mental health, check out our article on How Alcohol Worsens Your Mental Health.
Regular alcohol consumption can lead to significant changes in brain chemistry. Over time, alcohol reduces the levels of neurotransmitters like serotonin and norepinephrine, which are essential for regulating mood. Lower levels of these chemicals can lead to increased feelings of depression and anxiety.
Additionally, chronic alcohol use can increase the production of dynorphin, a chemical that contributes to feelings of dysphoria and depression. This creates a vicious cycle where individuals may drink more to alleviate their depressive symptoms, only to find that their condition worsens over time.
For a deeper dive into how alcohol affects brain chemistry and mental health, read our detailed article on The Connection Between Alcohol and Mental Health.
Many people turn to alcohol as a form of self-medication to cope with stress, anxiety, or depressive symptoms. While this might provide temporary relief, it often leads to a worsening of symptoms in the long run. Alcohol can disrupt sleep patterns, increase anxiety, and create a dependency that makes it even harder to manage depressive symptoms without it.
Studies have shown that persistent and excessive drinking can significantly increase the risk of developing major depressive disorder (MDD). Alcohol misuse can aggravate pre-existing depressive symptoms, making it more difficult for individuals to find effective treatment.
For more information on how alcohol can serve as a depressant and its broader implications, you can read our article on Is Alcohol a Depressant? What Does It Mean?.
Alcohol disrupts the balance of neurotransmitters in the brain, which are crucial for mood regulation. Chronic alcohol use can lead to a decrease in serotonin levels, contributing to depressive symptoms. Moreover, alcohol-induced changes in the brain's reward system can make it more challenging to experience pleasure from everyday activities, further exacerbating depression.
Alcohol consumption triggers the release of cortisol, a stress hormone. Elevated cortisol levels can alter brain chemistry and negatively impact the body's ability to handle stress. Over time, this can lead to heightened anxiety and depressive symptoms, creating a cycle that is difficult to break.
One of the most effective ways to improve mental health and reduce depressive symptoms is to cut back on alcohol consumption. Even small reductions can lead to significant improvements in mood and overall well-being.
Finding healthier ways to cope with stress and anxiety is crucial. Exercise, meditation, and engaging in hobbies can provide natural mood boosts and help manage depressive symptoms without relying on alcohol.
If you find it difficult to reduce alcohol consumption on your own, seeking professional help can be beneficial. Therapists and counselors can provide strategies and support to help you manage both your alcohol use and depressive symptoms effectively.
While alcohol might seem like a quick fix for stress or a way to unwind, its long-term impact on mental health can be detrimental. Understanding the relationship between alcohol and depression is essential for anyone looking to build healthier drinking habits. By reducing alcohol consumption and finding alternative ways to manage stress and anxiety, you can improve your mental well-being and break the cycle of alcohol-induced depression.
Explore the psychological pressures of Blackout Wednesday and discover effective mental health strategies to maintain sobriety during this high-pressure social event, often marked by excessive drinking.
Although it isn’t a treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD), the Reframe app can help you cut back on drinking gradually with the science-backed knowledge to empower you 100% of the way. Our proven program has helped millions of people around the world drink less and live more. And we want to help you get there, too!
The Reframe app equips you with the knowledge and skills you need to not only survive drinking less, but to thrive while you navigate the journey. Our daily research-backed readings teach you the neuroscience of alcohol, and our in-app Toolkit provides the resources and activities you need to navigate each challenge.
You’ll meet millions of fellow Reframers in our 24/7 Forum chat and daily Zoom check-in meetings. Receive encouragement from people worldwide who know exactly what you’re going through! You’ll also have the opportunity to connect with our licensed Reframe coaches for more personalized guidance.
Plus, we’re always introducing new features to optimize your in-app experience. We recently launched our in-app chatbot, Melody, powered by the world’s most powerful AI technology. Melody is here to help as you adjust to a life with less (or no) alcohol.
And that’s not all! Every month, we launch fun challenges, like Dry/Damp January, Mental Health May, and Outdoorsy June. You won’t want to miss out on the chance to participate alongside fellow Reframers (or solo if that’s more your thing!).
The Reframe app is free for 7 days, so you don’t have anything to lose by trying it. Are you ready to feel empowered and discover life beyond alcohol? Then download our app through the App Store or Google Play today!
Blackout Wednesday, also known as "Drinksgiving," marks the night before Thanksgiving and is notorious for heavy drinking, particularly among college students and young adults. The combination of reuniting with old friends and the extended holiday break often leads to excessive alcohol consumption. This article delves into the psychological pressures of Blackout Wednesday and offers mental health strategies to maintain sobriety during such social pressures.
Blackout Wednesday has grown in cultural significance, especially among younger generations. It is a night of reunions and celebrations, often centered around alcohol. The informal nature of the event, coupled with the fact that most people don't have work the next day, makes it a prime time for binge drinking. However, this can lead to dangerous behaviors and significant health risks.
The pressures to participate in Blackout Wednesday can be immense. Here are some key psychological factors at play:
Understanding these pressures helps in developing strategies to navigate them effectively.
Maintaining sobriety during Blackout Wednesday requires a combination of mental preparation, support systems, and practical strategies. Here are some effective strategies:
Before heading out, set clear intentions about your drinking goals. Whether you plan to stay completely sober or limit your alcohol intake, having a clear plan can help you stay committed. Reflect on your reasons for wanting to stay sober and remind yourself of the benefits.
Adopt a mindful approach to celebrations. Focus on the quality of interactions rather than the quantity of drinks. Engage in meaningful conversations and activities that do not revolve around alcohol. This shift in focus can help reduce the temptation to drink excessively.
Surround yourself with friends and family who respect your decision to stay sober. Having a support system can provide encouragement and accountability. If you feel comfortable, communicate your intentions to stay sober to your friends, and ask for their support.
Plan alternative activities that do not involve alcohol. For instance, you can host a game night, go to a movie, or participate in a physical activity like bowling or hiking. Engaging in these activities can provide a fun and fulfilling way to spend the evening without drinking.
Bring your own alcohol-free beverages to social gatherings. This ensures you have something to drink and helps you avoid the temptation of alcoholic drinks. There are many delicious non-alcoholic options available, from sparkling water to mocktails.
Take care of your mental and physical health. Ensure you get enough sleep, eat nutritious foods, and engage in regular physical activity. Practicing self-care can boost your overall well-being and make it easier to resist the urge to drink.
It’s important to learn to say no confidently. If someone offers you a drink, politely decline and stick to your decision. You can prepare responses in advance, such as, “No thanks, I’m not drinking tonight,” or “I’m taking a break from alcohol.”
If you find it challenging to stay sober, consider seeking professional help. Therapists and support groups can provide valuable guidance and support. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is particularly effective in helping individuals develop coping strategies and change detrimental thought patterns.
Focus on staying present in the moment. Mindfulness practices, such as deep breathing exercises and meditation, can help you stay grounded and reduce anxiety. Staying present allows you to enjoy the moment without feeling the need to escape through alcohol.
After the event, take time to reflect on your experience. Celebrate your successes and acknowledge any challenges you faced. Reflecting on your progress can provide valuable insights and strengthen your commitment to maintaining sobriety in the future.
By understanding the pressures of Blackout Wednesday and employing these mental health strategies, you can maintain your sobriety and enjoy the festivities without compromising your well-being.
Blackout Wednesday, also known as "Drinksgiving," marks the night before Thanksgiving and is notorious for heavy drinking, particularly among college students and young adults. The combination of reuniting with old friends and the extended holiday break often leads to excessive alcohol consumption. This article delves into the psychological pressures of Blackout Wednesday and offers mental health strategies to maintain sobriety during such social pressures.
Blackout Wednesday has grown in cultural significance, especially among younger generations. It is a night of reunions and celebrations, often centered around alcohol. The informal nature of the event, coupled with the fact that most people don't have work the next day, makes it a prime time for binge drinking. However, this can lead to dangerous behaviors and significant health risks.
The pressures to participate in Blackout Wednesday can be immense. Here are some key psychological factors at play:
Understanding these pressures helps in developing strategies to navigate them effectively.
Maintaining sobriety during Blackout Wednesday requires a combination of mental preparation, support systems, and practical strategies. Here are some effective strategies:
Before heading out, set clear intentions about your drinking goals. Whether you plan to stay completely sober or limit your alcohol intake, having a clear plan can help you stay committed. Reflect on your reasons for wanting to stay sober and remind yourself of the benefits.
Adopt a mindful approach to celebrations. Focus on the quality of interactions rather than the quantity of drinks. Engage in meaningful conversations and activities that do not revolve around alcohol. This shift in focus can help reduce the temptation to drink excessively.
Surround yourself with friends and family who respect your decision to stay sober. Having a support system can provide encouragement and accountability. If you feel comfortable, communicate your intentions to stay sober to your friends, and ask for their support.
Plan alternative activities that do not involve alcohol. For instance, you can host a game night, go to a movie, or participate in a physical activity like bowling or hiking. Engaging in these activities can provide a fun and fulfilling way to spend the evening without drinking.
Bring your own alcohol-free beverages to social gatherings. This ensures you have something to drink and helps you avoid the temptation of alcoholic drinks. There are many delicious non-alcoholic options available, from sparkling water to mocktails.
Take care of your mental and physical health. Ensure you get enough sleep, eat nutritious foods, and engage in regular physical activity. Practicing self-care can boost your overall well-being and make it easier to resist the urge to drink.
It’s important to learn to say no confidently. If someone offers you a drink, politely decline and stick to your decision. You can prepare responses in advance, such as, “No thanks, I’m not drinking tonight,” or “I’m taking a break from alcohol.”
If you find it challenging to stay sober, consider seeking professional help. Therapists and support groups can provide valuable guidance and support. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is particularly effective in helping individuals develop coping strategies and change detrimental thought patterns.
Focus on staying present in the moment. Mindfulness practices, such as deep breathing exercises and meditation, can help you stay grounded and reduce anxiety. Staying present allows you to enjoy the moment without feeling the need to escape through alcohol.
After the event, take time to reflect on your experience. Celebrate your successes and acknowledge any challenges you faced. Reflecting on your progress can provide valuable insights and strengthen your commitment to maintaining sobriety in the future.
By understanding the pressures of Blackout Wednesday and employing these mental health strategies, you can maintain your sobriety and enjoy the festivities without compromising your well-being.
Does alcohol make you tell the truth? Science says not really. Plus, more people than ever are lying about drinking itself. Learn more in our latest blog!
Although it isn’t a treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD), the Reframe app can help you cut back on drinking gradually with the science-backed knowledge to empower you 100% of the way. Our proven program has helped millions of people around the world drink less and live more. And we want to help you get there, too!
The Reframe app equips you with the knowledge and skills you need to not only survive drinking less, but to thrive while you navigate the journey. Our daily research-backed readings teach you the neuroscience of alcohol, and our in-app Toolkit provides the resources and activities you need to navigate each challenge.
You’ll meet millions of fellow Reframers in our 24/7 Forum chat and daily Zoom check-in meetings. Receive encouragement from people worldwide who know exactly what you’re going through! You’ll also have the opportunity to connect with our licensed Reframe coaches for more personalized guidance.
Plus, we’re always introducing new features to optimize your in-app experience. We recently launched our in-app chatbot, Melody, powered by the world’s most powerful AI technology. Melody is here to help as you adjust to a life with less (or no) alcohol.
And that’s not all! Every month, we launch fun challenges, like Dry/Damp January, Mental Health May, and Outdoorsy June. You won’t want to miss out on the chance to participate alongside fellow Reframers (or solo if that’s more your thing!).
The Reframe app is free for 7 days, so you don’t have anything to lose by trying it. Are you ready to feel empowered and discover life beyond alcohol? Then download our app today!
There’s an episode of Seinfeld that opens with a bit Jerry does about medical tests and our all-too-common urge to “do well”:
“Remember in school, they'd do hearing tests? And you'd really be listening, you know … Trying to do well … I wanted to do unbelievable on that hearing test. I wanted them to come to me after the hearing test and go: ‘We think you may have something close to super hearing. We're sending the results to Washington. We'd like you to meet the president.’"
Unfortunately, this urge to “do well” can come at a hefty price when it comes to lying about our drinking habits. Imagine you’re at the doctor’s office for an annual physical. You know that question is coming … on an average week, how much do you drink? You do a quick tally in your head and respond, “five, maybe six drinks?” But it’s actually 10. Or 15. Or maybe even a lot more.
There are lots of reasons for being less than truthful. Maybe you counted that restaurant “glass” of wine as one drink when it’s actually 2 and a half. Maybe you’re embarrassed to give the actual number. Maybe you’ve simply lost track.
Whatever the case may be, the question is important and leads to the larger topic of alcohol and telling (or not telling) the truth. Does alcohol make you tell the truth when you’re under the influence? Or does it actually do the opposite? And what about lying about drinking — why does it seem to be so common?
Do people tell the truth when drunk? Many people would probably say yes. After all, loosening up and getting chatty (sometimes a bit too chatty) is a classic effect of booze.
Alcohol is often seen as the ultimate “truth serum.” Another Seinfeld episode illustrates this: Elaine and the peach Schnapps, which (apparently without her consent) makes her “tell the truth.” Given how prone most Seinfeld characters are to fibbing (whether under the influence or not), the effect is quite dramatic. Relationships are strained, a destination wedding erupts in a fist fight, and the characters return with physical injuries on top of nasty hangovers. And, of course, it’s all very funny — at least on TV.
In reality, however, things get more serious. Alcohol affects the brain in a number of ways, and our truth-telling abilities get affected in the process. Here’s the gist.
So does alcohol make you tell the truth? As we can see, the answer depends on what we mean by “truth.” By temporarily messing with the brain’s self-regulating properties, it prevents us from hitting the brakes when it comes to oversharing. However, it also skews the content of what we’re sharing in the first place, distorting the accuracy of our stories.
But what about lying about drinking itself? Do people do it? Oh, yes. You bet they do. According to an American Addiction Centers survey that asked 3,000 Americans if they tell their doctors the truth about their drinking, around 1 in 5 (21%) admitted to telling an occasional (or not-so-occasional) fib. Men were a bit more likely to lie, making up 60% of the fibbers.
It’s worth noting that doctors can usually tell if we bend the truth. For example, as Ohio physician Amber Tully told The Huffington Post, there are other indicators of drinking: “For instance, triglycerides might be high in someone who drinks a lot, or I could see certain elevated enzymes if I’m testing liver function. High blood pressure in someone with no other risk factors might clue me into excessive drinking.”
The body keeps score, as they say.
We’re not helping ourselves by lying to the physician who is there to help us. If you’re thinking, “What’s the harm in bending the truth a little,” well, there are quite a few reasons.
So why do people do it, especially in an ultra-private (HIPAA-protected) context? Especially one where the stakes — our health — are some of the highest?
The distortion of reality we just talked about is only part of the reason. There are other issues at play. Let's explore!
Let’s start by giving ourselves the benefit of the doubt. Maybe we made an honest mistake! After all, it can be difficult to count those drinks (or count anything, for that matter) once we get going.
Moreover, we might be confused about what “counts” as a drink in the first place. Picture a “glass of wine,” for instance. In the U.S., a “standard drink” (or one “unit”) is defined as 14 grams of pure alcohol.
For wine, this adds up to a 5 oz. serving, or one “glass.” However, anything from a thimble to a pitcher could technically be called a “glass.” And, of course, the amount of alcohol units inside doesn’t automatically adjust to the name of the drinkware we use to put it in: just because it fits in one glass doesn’t mean it’s “one drink.” You know those jumbo-sized ones at restaurants? They can easily hold two or more. (To learn more, check out “Alcohol Units.”)
Further down the “innocence scale,” there’s denial.
The truth is, alcohol is addictive. By releasing a cocktail (pardon the pun) of pleasure-inducing neurotransmitters such as dopamine, alcohol hijacks the brain’s reward system, making us come back for more. Over time, our drinking can slide into misuse and, eventually dependence — we feel as if we “need” alcohol to feel normal and might experience withdrawal symptoms if we attempt to stop.
This gradual slip into alcohol misuse might go unnoticed for a time, but it’s likely that, at a certain point, we’ll start questioning our habits and worrying about the health consequences. At the same time, the addictive pull of booze makes it difficult to let go or cut back.
The result is cognitive dissonance: we want something more and more, all the while wishing we didn’t want it. Since cognitive dissonance is a stressful state to be in, the brain “mutes” one of the competing voices to stop the mental struggle. In other words, we start to side with our own “preferred” version of reality (or, to put it bluntly, we believe our own lies).
Eventually, we come to the point where denial doesn’t quite hold up anymore. As much as we’d like to keep believing our own version of reality, we simply can’t anymore. At this point, we’re likely to feel ashamed.
The silver lining? Shame can also be the way out. Let’s see how it can help us get out of the trap set by alcohol as we explore the way back to the truth. (For more information, check out “Regret and Shame: Harnessing Their Power in Your Journey.”)
Before you start feeling hopeless with all this talk of lies, shame, and regret — relax. We’ve got great news for you! Just as we can lose touch with our authentic selves when alcohol is in the picture, we can find our way back.
If you commit to being honest with yourself about your drinking habits, the rest of the pieces will fall into place. It’s never too late, and in time you can rediscover a version of yourself that’s happier and healthier than the one looking back at you in the mirror today.
The most exciting part? There are no limits here. Many find that once they start their journey of self-discovery, the result is a level of well-being they’ve never experienced before, with, or without alcohol. Challenges help us grow into versions of ourselves that surpass our own expectations.
And those healthy habits truly do add up. As Gretchen Rubin writes in Better Than Before: Mastering the Habits of Our Everyday Lives, “Habits are the invisible architecture of daily life. We repeat about 40 percent of our behavior almost daily, so our habits shape our existence, and our future. If we change our habits, we change our lives.”
There’s an episode of Seinfeld that opens with a bit Jerry does about medical tests and our all-too-common urge to “do well”:
“Remember in school, they'd do hearing tests? And you'd really be listening, you know … Trying to do well … I wanted to do unbelievable on that hearing test. I wanted them to come to me after the hearing test and go: ‘We think you may have something close to super hearing. We're sending the results to Washington. We'd like you to meet the president.’"
Unfortunately, this urge to “do well” can come at a hefty price when it comes to lying about our drinking habits. Imagine you’re at the doctor’s office for an annual physical. You know that question is coming … on an average week, how much do you drink? You do a quick tally in your head and respond, “five, maybe six drinks?” But it’s actually 10. Or 15. Or maybe even a lot more.
There are lots of reasons for being less than truthful. Maybe you counted that restaurant “glass” of wine as one drink when it’s actually 2 and a half. Maybe you’re embarrassed to give the actual number. Maybe you’ve simply lost track.
Whatever the case may be, the question is important and leads to the larger topic of alcohol and telling (or not telling) the truth. Does alcohol make you tell the truth when you’re under the influence? Or does it actually do the opposite? And what about lying about drinking — why does it seem to be so common?
Do people tell the truth when drunk? Many people would probably say yes. After all, loosening up and getting chatty (sometimes a bit too chatty) is a classic effect of booze.
Alcohol is often seen as the ultimate “truth serum.” Another Seinfeld episode illustrates this: Elaine and the peach Schnapps, which (apparently without her consent) makes her “tell the truth.” Given how prone most Seinfeld characters are to fibbing (whether under the influence or not), the effect is quite dramatic. Relationships are strained, a destination wedding erupts in a fist fight, and the characters return with physical injuries on top of nasty hangovers. And, of course, it’s all very funny — at least on TV.
In reality, however, things get more serious. Alcohol affects the brain in a number of ways, and our truth-telling abilities get affected in the process. Here’s the gist.
So does alcohol make you tell the truth? As we can see, the answer depends on what we mean by “truth.” By temporarily messing with the brain’s self-regulating properties, it prevents us from hitting the brakes when it comes to oversharing. However, it also skews the content of what we’re sharing in the first place, distorting the accuracy of our stories.
But what about lying about drinking itself? Do people do it? Oh, yes. You bet they do. According to an American Addiction Centers survey that asked 3,000 Americans if they tell their doctors the truth about their drinking, around 1 in 5 (21%) admitted to telling an occasional (or not-so-occasional) fib. Men were a bit more likely to lie, making up 60% of the fibbers.
It’s worth noting that doctors can usually tell if we bend the truth. For example, as Ohio physician Amber Tully told The Huffington Post, there are other indicators of drinking: “For instance, triglycerides might be high in someone who drinks a lot, or I could see certain elevated enzymes if I’m testing liver function. High blood pressure in someone with no other risk factors might clue me into excessive drinking.”
The body keeps score, as they say.
We’re not helping ourselves by lying to the physician who is there to help us. If you’re thinking, “What’s the harm in bending the truth a little,” well, there are quite a few reasons.
So why do people do it, especially in an ultra-private (HIPAA-protected) context? Especially one where the stakes — our health — are some of the highest?
The distortion of reality we just talked about is only part of the reason. There are other issues at play. Let's explore!
Let’s start by giving ourselves the benefit of the doubt. Maybe we made an honest mistake! After all, it can be difficult to count those drinks (or count anything, for that matter) once we get going.
Moreover, we might be confused about what “counts” as a drink in the first place. Picture a “glass of wine,” for instance. In the U.S., a “standard drink” (or one “unit”) is defined as 14 grams of pure alcohol.
For wine, this adds up to a 5 oz. serving, or one “glass.” However, anything from a thimble to a pitcher could technically be called a “glass.” And, of course, the amount of alcohol units inside doesn’t automatically adjust to the name of the drinkware we use to put it in: just because it fits in one glass doesn’t mean it’s “one drink.” You know those jumbo-sized ones at restaurants? They can easily hold two or more. (To learn more, check out “Alcohol Units.”)
Further down the “innocence scale,” there’s denial.
The truth is, alcohol is addictive. By releasing a cocktail (pardon the pun) of pleasure-inducing neurotransmitters such as dopamine, alcohol hijacks the brain’s reward system, making us come back for more. Over time, our drinking can slide into misuse and, eventually dependence — we feel as if we “need” alcohol to feel normal and might experience withdrawal symptoms if we attempt to stop.
This gradual slip into alcohol misuse might go unnoticed for a time, but it’s likely that, at a certain point, we’ll start questioning our habits and worrying about the health consequences. At the same time, the addictive pull of booze makes it difficult to let go or cut back.
The result is cognitive dissonance: we want something more and more, all the while wishing we didn’t want it. Since cognitive dissonance is a stressful state to be in, the brain “mutes” one of the competing voices to stop the mental struggle. In other words, we start to side with our own “preferred” version of reality (or, to put it bluntly, we believe our own lies).
Eventually, we come to the point where denial doesn’t quite hold up anymore. As much as we’d like to keep believing our own version of reality, we simply can’t anymore. At this point, we’re likely to feel ashamed.
The silver lining? Shame can also be the way out. Let’s see how it can help us get out of the trap set by alcohol as we explore the way back to the truth. (For more information, check out “Regret and Shame: Harnessing Their Power in Your Journey.”)
Before you start feeling hopeless with all this talk of lies, shame, and regret — relax. We’ve got great news for you! Just as we can lose touch with our authentic selves when alcohol is in the picture, we can find our way back.
If you commit to being honest with yourself about your drinking habits, the rest of the pieces will fall into place. It’s never too late, and in time you can rediscover a version of yourself that’s happier and healthier than the one looking back at you in the mirror today.
The most exciting part? There are no limits here. Many find that once they start their journey of self-discovery, the result is a level of well-being they’ve never experienced before, with, or without alcohol. Challenges help us grow into versions of ourselves that surpass our own expectations.
And those healthy habits truly do add up. As Gretchen Rubin writes in Better Than Before: Mastering the Habits of Our Everyday Lives, “Habits are the invisible architecture of daily life. We repeat about 40 percent of our behavior almost daily, so our habits shape our existence, and our future. If we change our habits, we change our lives.”
Wondering what alcoholic rage syndrome is all about? Science says it’s a mixture of brain chemistry, psychological factors, and social surroundings. Learn why alcohol can leave one person raging more than the next — and what to do about it — in our latest blog.
Although it isn’t a treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD), the Reframe app can help you cut back on drinking gradually with the science-backed knowledge to empower you 100% of the way. Our proven program has helped millions of people around the world drink less and live more. And we want to help you get there, too!
The Reframe app equips you with the knowledge and skills you need to not only survive drinking less, but to thrive while you navigate the journey. Our daily research-backed readings teach you the neuroscience of alcohol, and our in-app Toolkit provides the resources and activities you need to navigate each challenge.
You’ll meet millions of fellow Reframers in our 24/7 Forum chat and daily Zoom check-in meetings. Receive encouragement from people worldwide who know exactly what you’re going through! You’ll also have the opportunity to connect with our licensed Reframe coaches for more personalized guidance.
Plus, we’re always introducing new features to optimize your in-app experience. We recently launched our in-app chatbot, Melody, powered by the world’s most powerful AI technology. Melody is here to help as you adjust to a life with less (or no) alcohol.
And that’s not all! Every month, we launch fun challenges, like Dry/Damp January, Mental Health May, and Outdoorsy June. You won’t want to miss out on the chance to participate alongside fellow Reframers (or solo if that’s more your thing!).
The Reframe app is free for 7 days, so you don’t have anything to lose by trying it. Are you ready to feel empowered and discover life beyond alcohol? Then download our app through the App Store or Google Play today!
Imagine this: everyone is sitting around the table, having a pleasant conversation, passing around platters of nachos and sipping on salt-rimmed margaritas. Everyone is acting presentable, and the atmosphere is, as they say “classy.” Then, a few margaritas in, the conversation gets a bit louder. You look over and see your friend’s face getting red and, before you know it, voices are raised and you’re wondering if you’ll have to duck when that plate of nachos goes flying across the table. Yikes!
We’ve heard of the “raging alcoholic” or “angry drunk” stereotype, but is there any truth to the idea? Is alcohol really the culprit? What is a raging alcoholic, and how does alcohol send someone into a drunken rage? What are some alcoholic rage symptoms? Let’s explore what alcoholic rage syndrome is all about.
If you follow true crime, you’ve heard about the notorious Murdaugh trials in South Carolina, with the latest being the trial of Alec Murdaugh convicted for killing his son and wife. And although nothing justifies murder, the son Paul Murdaugh was quite a character (and not in a good way). And much of it came down to his drinking. Those close to him would talk about his personality under the influence — a character prominent enough to be seen as his alter-ego, “Timmy.” What was Paul Murdaugh — “Timmy” — like when drunk? Well, let’s just say you wouldn’t want to get into Timmy’s way. Timmy would get angry. Timmy would get abusive. Ultimately, Timmy would lead to the death of Paul’s girlfriend who drowned in a boating accident that Paul (in drunken Timmy mode) was responsible for.
The truth is, while this case might be extreme, many of us might recognize signs of an inner Timmy in ourselves or in someone we know. Why are alcoholics angry? And do angry drunks mean what they say? Alcoholic rage syndrome, also known as alcohol-induced aggression or alcohol-related aggression, refers to a pattern of intense anger and aggression that occurs in people under the influence of alcohol. Ranging from verbal outbursts to physical violence, this behavior can pose a serious risk to our health and safety, as well as to the well-being of those around us. (For more information, check out “Why Do I Get Angry When I Drink?”)
Does everyone have an “inner Timmy”? Not necessarily, studies show that while alcohol and aggression do, indeed, share a neurological link, not everyone gets aggressive after having a few too many.
In particular, “alcoholic rage syndrome” seems to be linked to antisocial personality disorder (ASPD). Those with tendencies to what’s colloquially known as sociopathy may be more prone to alcohol-related aggression. The hallmark traits of the condition involve difficulties empathizing with other people, disregarding societal norms for what’s considered “right” and “wrong,” ignoring the feelings of others, and behaving in impulsive ways.
Part of the story has to do with neurotransmitters. From the first sip, alcohol sends our brain chemistry into disarray, altering the delicate balance of neurochemicals in charge of impulse control and mood regulation. Here’s the gist:
Although the effects of alcohol on our brain chemistry kick in right away, over time the situation gets more and more complex. The brain gets used to the “new normal” and can lead to more pronounced long-term changes in our personality (read: our alter ego sets up camp and can become a permanent fixture). (For more information, check out “How Alcohol Affects the Brain: A Look Into the Science” and “Alcohol and Emotions: How Alcohol Plays with Your Feelings.”)
By acting as a central nervous system depressant, alcohol also takes our prefrontal cortex — the hub of logic, and reasoning — temporarily “offline.” Without our decision-making powerhouse running the show, we have less control over our behavior and are more prone to impulsivity and aggression.
In other words, we’re likely to do things — including giving others an earful as soon as we feel irked — without thinking about the potential fallout. We might also misread social cues and lash out in response to perceived slights, non-existent threats, or frustrations.
The past has a sneaky way of making a less-than-pleasant appearance when we’re drinking. It might be something small that nagged us recently — the way our partner never makes the bed or the way our mother-in-law said the paella we tried to impress her with needed more salt. On the other hand, something deeper and more traumatic could also resurface: we might be dealing with unresolved trauma, an illness of a close relative, or financial problems. Either way, mixing any type of psychological “baggage” with booze is trouble waiting to happen — our anger is that much more likely to erupt if there’s already trouble brewing in the background.
In a similar way, our present surroundings can play a role. If we hang out with people who throw digs at each other (or at us) or normalize alcohol-induced aggression, it’s more likely to make an appearance. Perhaps our friends play it off as funny, or maybe they downplay it due to their own insecurities — whatever the reason is, if our environment makes our “inner Timmy” feel welcome, he’s more likely to show up.
While alcohol can induce rage, sometimes the tables are switched: we might also crave alcohol when we’re already angry. Why? The answer has to do with the nature of all cravings — they’re misguided attempts to feel better in the moment by silencing an emotion or external circumstance we don’t want to experience. The problem is, when booze becomes the answer, it backfires — big time. (To dive into the details, check out “Why Do I Crave Alcohol When I'm Angry?”)
Symptoms of alcoholic rage syndrome run the gamut from verbal tiffs to outright violence. Here’s an overview:
Now that we know what alcoholic rage syndrome is, can we do anything about it? In other words, can we make our inner “Sammy” or “Jimmy” (or whatever name your boozy alter-ego might have) stay away for good? Absolutely.
If you do decide to take a break from booze, know that you’re in for a treat. In addition to helping your relationships, a life with less alcohol will leave you healthier and happier in a myriad different ways: your sleep will improve, your heart and liver will heal, you’ll find yourself getting sick less frequently, and you might even lose weight. And that’s just the beginning! If you need help starting, Reframe is here to help with science-backed strategies and tools to make the journey easy and fun.
Imagine this: everyone is sitting around the table, having a pleasant conversation, passing around platters of nachos and sipping on salt-rimmed margaritas. Everyone is acting presentable, and the atmosphere is, as they say “classy.” Then, a few margaritas in, the conversation gets a bit louder. You look over and see your friend’s face getting red and, before you know it, voices are raised and you’re wondering if you’ll have to duck when that plate of nachos goes flying across the table. Yikes!
We’ve heard of the “raging alcoholic” or “angry drunk” stereotype, but is there any truth to the idea? Is alcohol really the culprit? What is a raging alcoholic, and how does alcohol send someone into a drunken rage? What are some alcoholic rage symptoms? Let’s explore what alcoholic rage syndrome is all about.
If you follow true crime, you’ve heard about the notorious Murdaugh trials in South Carolina, with the latest being the trial of Alec Murdaugh convicted for killing his son and wife. And although nothing justifies murder, the son Paul Murdaugh was quite a character (and not in a good way). And much of it came down to his drinking. Those close to him would talk about his personality under the influence — a character prominent enough to be seen as his alter-ego, “Timmy.” What was Paul Murdaugh — “Timmy” — like when drunk? Well, let’s just say you wouldn’t want to get into Timmy’s way. Timmy would get angry. Timmy would get abusive. Ultimately, Timmy would lead to the death of Paul’s girlfriend who drowned in a boating accident that Paul (in drunken Timmy mode) was responsible for.
The truth is, while this case might be extreme, many of us might recognize signs of an inner Timmy in ourselves or in someone we know. Why are alcoholics angry? And do angry drunks mean what they say? Alcoholic rage syndrome, also known as alcohol-induced aggression or alcohol-related aggression, refers to a pattern of intense anger and aggression that occurs in people under the influence of alcohol. Ranging from verbal outbursts to physical violence, this behavior can pose a serious risk to our health and safety, as well as to the well-being of those around us. (For more information, check out “Why Do I Get Angry When I Drink?”)
Does everyone have an “inner Timmy”? Not necessarily, studies show that while alcohol and aggression do, indeed, share a neurological link, not everyone gets aggressive after having a few too many.
In particular, “alcoholic rage syndrome” seems to be linked to antisocial personality disorder (ASPD). Those with tendencies to what’s colloquially known as sociopathy may be more prone to alcohol-related aggression. The hallmark traits of the condition involve difficulties empathizing with other people, disregarding societal norms for what’s considered “right” and “wrong,” ignoring the feelings of others, and behaving in impulsive ways.
Part of the story has to do with neurotransmitters. From the first sip, alcohol sends our brain chemistry into disarray, altering the delicate balance of neurochemicals in charge of impulse control and mood regulation. Here’s the gist:
Although the effects of alcohol on our brain chemistry kick in right away, over time the situation gets more and more complex. The brain gets used to the “new normal” and can lead to more pronounced long-term changes in our personality (read: our alter ego sets up camp and can become a permanent fixture). (For more information, check out “How Alcohol Affects the Brain: A Look Into the Science” and “Alcohol and Emotions: How Alcohol Plays with Your Feelings.”)
By acting as a central nervous system depressant, alcohol also takes our prefrontal cortex — the hub of logic, and reasoning — temporarily “offline.” Without our decision-making powerhouse running the show, we have less control over our behavior and are more prone to impulsivity and aggression.
In other words, we’re likely to do things — including giving others an earful as soon as we feel irked — without thinking about the potential fallout. We might also misread social cues and lash out in response to perceived slights, non-existent threats, or frustrations.
The past has a sneaky way of making a less-than-pleasant appearance when we’re drinking. It might be something small that nagged us recently — the way our partner never makes the bed or the way our mother-in-law said the paella we tried to impress her with needed more salt. On the other hand, something deeper and more traumatic could also resurface: we might be dealing with unresolved trauma, an illness of a close relative, or financial problems. Either way, mixing any type of psychological “baggage” with booze is trouble waiting to happen — our anger is that much more likely to erupt if there’s already trouble brewing in the background.
In a similar way, our present surroundings can play a role. If we hang out with people who throw digs at each other (or at us) or normalize alcohol-induced aggression, it’s more likely to make an appearance. Perhaps our friends play it off as funny, or maybe they downplay it due to their own insecurities — whatever the reason is, if our environment makes our “inner Timmy” feel welcome, he’s more likely to show up.
While alcohol can induce rage, sometimes the tables are switched: we might also crave alcohol when we’re already angry. Why? The answer has to do with the nature of all cravings — they’re misguided attempts to feel better in the moment by silencing an emotion or external circumstance we don’t want to experience. The problem is, when booze becomes the answer, it backfires — big time. (To dive into the details, check out “Why Do I Crave Alcohol When I'm Angry?”)
Symptoms of alcoholic rage syndrome run the gamut from verbal tiffs to outright violence. Here’s an overview:
Now that we know what alcoholic rage syndrome is, can we do anything about it? In other words, can we make our inner “Sammy” or “Jimmy” (or whatever name your boozy alter-ego might have) stay away for good? Absolutely.
If you do decide to take a break from booze, know that you’re in for a treat. In addition to helping your relationships, a life with less alcohol will leave you healthier and happier in a myriad different ways: your sleep will improve, your heart and liver will heal, you’ll find yourself getting sick less frequently, and you might even lose weight. And that’s just the beginning! If you need help starting, Reframe is here to help with science-backed strategies and tools to make the journey easy and fun.
Explore how family relationships and history shape drinking habits, highlighting the roles of parental influence, family dynamics, and genetic predispositions, and offering strategies for healthier drinking behaviors.
Although it isn’t a treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD), the Reframe app can help you cut back on drinking gradually with the science-backed knowledge to empower you 100% of the way. Our proven program has helped millions of people around the world drink less and live more. And we want to help you get there, too!
The Reframe app equips you with the knowledge and skills you need to not only survive drinking less, but to thrive while you navigate the journey. Our daily research-backed readings teach you the neuroscience of alcohol, and our in-app Toolkit provides the resources and activities you need to navigate each challenge.
You’ll meet millions of fellow Reframers in our 24/7 Forum chat and daily Zoom check-in meetings. Receive encouragement from people worldwide who know exactly what you’re going through! You’ll also have the opportunity to connect with our licensed Reframe coaches for more personalized guidance.
Plus, we’re always introducing new features to optimize your in-app experience. We recently launched our in-app chatbot, Melody, powered by the world’s most powerful AI technology. Melody is here to help as you adjust to a life with less (or no) alcohol.
And that’s not all! Every month, we launch fun challenges, like Dry/Damp January, Mental Health May, and Outdoorsy June. You won’t want to miss out on the chance to participate alongside fellow Reframers (or solo if that’s more your thing!).
The Reframe app is free for 7 days, so you don’t have anything to lose by trying it. Are you ready to feel empowered and discover life beyond alcohol? Then download our app through the App Store or Google Play today!
Understanding the intricate web of factors that influence drinking habits is essential in addressing alcohol misuse and developing healthier drinking behaviors. One of the most significant influences comes from family relationships and history. This article delves into how family dynamics and history can shape an individual's relationship with alcohol, and offers insights into fostering healthier drinking habits.
Family relationships play a pivotal role in shaping an individual’s attitudes and behaviors towards alcohol. The impact can be both direct and indirect, influencing drinking habits through various mechanisms:
Parents serve as primary role models for their children. The way parents handle alcohol significantly affects their children's attitudes towards drinking. For instance, children of parents who drink responsibly are more likely to develop moderate drinking habits. Conversely, children who grow up in households where alcohol misuse is prevalent may adopt similar behaviors.
As discussed in How Parents' Drinking Habits Affect Their Kids, children of parents who misuse alcohol often face emotional and psychological challenges, including trust issues and low self-esteem. These children might internalize these issues and turn to alcohol as a coping mechanism.
Growing up in a household with alcohol misuse can lead to long-lasting emotional and psychological effects. Children in such environments may experience neglect, emotional abuse, and inconsistent parenting, which can contribute to the development of unhealthy drinking habits later in life. The emotional turmoil and instability can push individuals towards alcohol as a means to escape or cope with their feelings.
The overall family dynamic and communication patterns also play a crucial role. In families where open communication about alcohol and its effects is encouraged, children are more likely to develop a healthy relationship with alcohol. On the other hand, in families where alcohol is a taboo subject, children might lack the information and support needed to understand and manage their drinking habits effectively.
Family history, particularly the presence of alcohol use disorder (AUD) in close relatives, is a significant risk factor for developing similar issues. Genetics and environmental factors combine to influence drinking behaviors.
Research has shown that genetics can account for about 50% of the risk of developing AUD. If a parent or close relative struggles with alcohol misuse, the likelihood of an individual developing similar issues increases. This genetic predisposition means that some people are more vulnerable to the effects of alcohol and may develop dependence more quickly.
Apart from genetics, learned behaviors play a critical role. Children often mimic their parents' coping mechanisms. If they observe their parents using alcohol to deal with stress, anxiety, or other emotional issues, they might adopt the same approach. This learned behavior can perpetuate a cycle of alcohol misuse across generations.
In the article Understanding Alcoholism's Impact on Families: How To Help, it is highlighted that the emotional and psychological toll on family members can lead to long-term issues, including fear, anxiety, and difficulties in forming healthy relationships. These factors can contribute to the development of unhealthy drinking habits.
Understanding the impact of family relationships and history on drinking habits is the first step towards breaking the cycle of alcohol misuse. Here are some strategies to foster healthier drinking behaviors:
Encouraging open communication about alcohol and its effects within the family can help demystify the subject and provide children with the knowledge they need to make informed decisions. Education about the risks associated with alcohol misuse and the importance of moderation can empower individuals to develop healthier drinking habits.
For families struggling with alcohol misuse, seeking professional help can be crucial. Therapy and counseling can address underlying emotional and psychological issues, providing family members with the tools they need to cope in healthier ways. Family therapy can also help improve communication and strengthen relationships, creating a supportive environment for recovery.
Developing and promoting healthy coping mechanisms is essential in preventing alcohol misuse. Encouraging activities such as exercise, meditation, and hobbies can provide alternative ways to deal with stress and emotional challenges. Teaching children and adolescents healthy ways to cope with life's difficulties can reduce their reliance on alcohol as a coping tool.
Support groups like Al-Anon and Alateen offer support to family members affected by someone else's drinking. These groups provide a safe space to share experiences, gain insights, and find support from others facing similar challenges. Engaging with such resources can help family members navigate the complexities of alcohol misuse and its impact on their lives.
Family relationships and history significantly influence drinking habits. Understanding these influences is crucial in developing strategies to promote healthier drinking behaviors. By fostering open communication, seeking professional help, building healthy coping mechanisms, and utilizing support groups, individuals and families can break the cycle of alcohol misuse and build a healthier future.
By exploring these related articles, you can gain a deeper understanding of the various factors influencing drinking habits and find additional strategies to support healthier drinking behaviors.
Understanding the intricate web of factors that influence drinking habits is essential in addressing alcohol misuse and developing healthier drinking behaviors. One of the most significant influences comes from family relationships and history. This article delves into how family dynamics and history can shape an individual's relationship with alcohol, and offers insights into fostering healthier drinking habits.
Family relationships play a pivotal role in shaping an individual’s attitudes and behaviors towards alcohol. The impact can be both direct and indirect, influencing drinking habits through various mechanisms:
Parents serve as primary role models for their children. The way parents handle alcohol significantly affects their children's attitudes towards drinking. For instance, children of parents who drink responsibly are more likely to develop moderate drinking habits. Conversely, children who grow up in households where alcohol misuse is prevalent may adopt similar behaviors.
As discussed in How Parents' Drinking Habits Affect Their Kids, children of parents who misuse alcohol often face emotional and psychological challenges, including trust issues and low self-esteem. These children might internalize these issues and turn to alcohol as a coping mechanism.
Growing up in a household with alcohol misuse can lead to long-lasting emotional and psychological effects. Children in such environments may experience neglect, emotional abuse, and inconsistent parenting, which can contribute to the development of unhealthy drinking habits later in life. The emotional turmoil and instability can push individuals towards alcohol as a means to escape or cope with their feelings.
The overall family dynamic and communication patterns also play a crucial role. In families where open communication about alcohol and its effects is encouraged, children are more likely to develop a healthy relationship with alcohol. On the other hand, in families where alcohol is a taboo subject, children might lack the information and support needed to understand and manage their drinking habits effectively.
Family history, particularly the presence of alcohol use disorder (AUD) in close relatives, is a significant risk factor for developing similar issues. Genetics and environmental factors combine to influence drinking behaviors.
Research has shown that genetics can account for about 50% of the risk of developing AUD. If a parent or close relative struggles with alcohol misuse, the likelihood of an individual developing similar issues increases. This genetic predisposition means that some people are more vulnerable to the effects of alcohol and may develop dependence more quickly.
Apart from genetics, learned behaviors play a critical role. Children often mimic their parents' coping mechanisms. If they observe their parents using alcohol to deal with stress, anxiety, or other emotional issues, they might adopt the same approach. This learned behavior can perpetuate a cycle of alcohol misuse across generations.
In the article Understanding Alcoholism's Impact on Families: How To Help, it is highlighted that the emotional and psychological toll on family members can lead to long-term issues, including fear, anxiety, and difficulties in forming healthy relationships. These factors can contribute to the development of unhealthy drinking habits.
Understanding the impact of family relationships and history on drinking habits is the first step towards breaking the cycle of alcohol misuse. Here are some strategies to foster healthier drinking behaviors:
Encouraging open communication about alcohol and its effects within the family can help demystify the subject and provide children with the knowledge they need to make informed decisions. Education about the risks associated with alcohol misuse and the importance of moderation can empower individuals to develop healthier drinking habits.
For families struggling with alcohol misuse, seeking professional help can be crucial. Therapy and counseling can address underlying emotional and psychological issues, providing family members with the tools they need to cope in healthier ways. Family therapy can also help improve communication and strengthen relationships, creating a supportive environment for recovery.
Developing and promoting healthy coping mechanisms is essential in preventing alcohol misuse. Encouraging activities such as exercise, meditation, and hobbies can provide alternative ways to deal with stress and emotional challenges. Teaching children and adolescents healthy ways to cope with life's difficulties can reduce their reliance on alcohol as a coping tool.
Support groups like Al-Anon and Alateen offer support to family members affected by someone else's drinking. These groups provide a safe space to share experiences, gain insights, and find support from others facing similar challenges. Engaging with such resources can help family members navigate the complexities of alcohol misuse and its impact on their lives.
Family relationships and history significantly influence drinking habits. Understanding these influences is crucial in developing strategies to promote healthier drinking behaviors. By fostering open communication, seeking professional help, building healthy coping mechanisms, and utilizing support groups, individuals and families can break the cycle of alcohol misuse and build a healthier future.
By exploring these related articles, you can gain a deeper understanding of the various factors influencing drinking habits and find additional strategies to support healthier drinking behaviors.
Explore the profound effects of alcohol on self-perception and self-worth, including its impact on confidence, identity, and emotional well-being, and strategies to mitigate these effects.
Although it isn’t a treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD), the Reframe app can help you cut back on drinking gradually with the science-backed knowledge to empower you 100% of the way. Our proven program has helped millions of people around the world drink less and live more. And we want to help you get there, too!
The Reframe app equips you with the knowledge and skills you need to not only survive drinking less, but to thrive while you navigate the journey. Our daily research-backed readings teach you the neuroscience of alcohol, and our in-app Toolkit provides the resources and activities you need to navigate each challenge.
You’ll meet millions of fellow Reframers in our 24/7 Forum chat and daily Zoom check-in meetings. Receive encouragement from people worldwide who know exactly what you’re going through! You’ll also have the opportunity to connect with our licensed Reframe coaches for more personalized guidance.
Plus, we’re always introducing new features to optimize your in-app experience. We recently launched our in-app chatbot, Melody, powered by the world’s most powerful AI technology. Melody is here to help as you adjust to a life with less (or no) alcohol.
And that’s not all! Every month, we launch fun challenges, like Dry/Damp January, Mental Health May, and Outdoorsy June. You won’t want to miss out on the chance to participate alongside fellow Reframers (or solo if that’s more your thing!).
The Reframe app is free for 7 days, so you don’t have anything to lose by trying it. Are you ready to feel empowered and discover life beyond alcohol? Then download our app through the App Store or Google Play today!
Alcohol consumption has pervasive effects on both our physical health and our psychological well-being. However, one of the most profound impacts it has is on our self-perception and self-worth. Understanding these effects is crucial for anyone looking to build healthier drinking habits and reframe their relationship with alcohol. This article explores the psychological and emotional effects of alcohol, focusing on how it influences self-perception and self-worth.
Self-perception is essentially how we see ourselves, and it is a fundamental aspect of our mental health. Alcohol has a significant impact on self-perception in various ways:
Self-worth, or self-esteem, is our overall sense of value or worth as a person. Alcohol can have a detrimental impact on this aspect of mental health:
Understanding the impact of alcohol on self-perception and self-worth can be further illuminated through Carol Ryff’s Six-Factor Model of Psychological Well-Being. This model identifies six dimensions that contribute to overall mental health:
Reclaiming self-perception and self-worth from the clutches of alcohol is possible. According to the article How To Take Back Your Power From Alcohol, there are several strategies to regain control:
It’s also important to differentiate between self-esteem and self-confidence. The article Self-Esteem vs. Self-Confidence: How Are They Different? explains that self-esteem is about overall self-worth, while self-confidence is about trust in one’s abilities. Alcohol might temporarily boost self-confidence but often at the expense of long-term self-esteem.
The impact of alcohol on self-perception and self-worth is profound and multifaceted. Understanding these effects is crucial for anyone looking to build healthier drinking habits and reframe their relationship with alcohol. By focusing on the dimensions of psychological well-being, breaking the cycle of dependence, and employing strategies to build self-esteem and self-worth, it is possible to regain control and lead a fulfilling life.
Alcohol consumption has pervasive effects on both our physical health and our psychological well-being. However, one of the most profound impacts it has is on our self-perception and self-worth. Understanding these effects is crucial for anyone looking to build healthier drinking habits and reframe their relationship with alcohol. This article explores the psychological and emotional effects of alcohol, focusing on how it influences self-perception and self-worth.
Self-perception is essentially how we see ourselves, and it is a fundamental aspect of our mental health. Alcohol has a significant impact on self-perception in various ways:
Self-worth, or self-esteem, is our overall sense of value or worth as a person. Alcohol can have a detrimental impact on this aspect of mental health:
Understanding the impact of alcohol on self-perception and self-worth can be further illuminated through Carol Ryff’s Six-Factor Model of Psychological Well-Being. This model identifies six dimensions that contribute to overall mental health:
Reclaiming self-perception and self-worth from the clutches of alcohol is possible. According to the article How To Take Back Your Power From Alcohol, there are several strategies to regain control:
It’s also important to differentiate between self-esteem and self-confidence. The article Self-Esteem vs. Self-Confidence: How Are They Different? explains that self-esteem is about overall self-worth, while self-confidence is about trust in one’s abilities. Alcohol might temporarily boost self-confidence but often at the expense of long-term self-esteem.
The impact of alcohol on self-perception and self-worth is profound and multifaceted. Understanding these effects is crucial for anyone looking to build healthier drinking habits and reframe their relationship with alcohol. By focusing on the dimensions of psychological well-being, breaking the cycle of dependence, and employing strategies to build self-esteem and self-worth, it is possible to regain control and lead a fulfilling life.
PTSD is a mental health disorder that is complicated by alcohol misuse. The consequences of combining alcohol and PTSD can lead to panic attacks and a worsening of symptoms.
PTSD can be a disabling condition, and, when combined with alcohol, it generally becomes worse. Whether you’re looking for assistance with PTSD symptoms, anxiety, alcohol-related issues, or simply seeking a path to better wellness, Reframe is a great place to start.
Although it isn’t a treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD), the Reframe app can help you cut back on drinking gradually with science-backed knowledge to empower you 100% of the way. Our proven program has helped millions worldwide drink less and live more. And we want to help you get there, too!
The Reframe app equips you with the knowledge and skills you need to not only survive drinking less but thrive while you navigate the journey. Our daily research-backed readings teach you the neuroscience of alcohol, and our in-app Toolkit provides the resources and activities you need to navigate each challenge.
You’ll meet millions of fellow Reframers in our 24/7 Forum chat and daily Zoom check-in meetings. Receive encouragement from people worldwide who know exactly what you’re going through! You’ll also be able to connect with our licensed Reframe coaches for more personalized guidance.
Plus, we’re always introducing new features to optimize your in-app experience. We recently launched our in-app chatbot, Melody, powered by the world’s most powerful AI technology. Melody is here to help you adjust to a life with less (or no) alcohol.
And that’s not all! Every month, we launch fun challenges, like Dry/Damp January, Mental Health May, and Outdoorsy June. You won’t want to miss out on the chance to participate alongside fellow Reframers (or solo if that’s more your thing!).
The Reframe app is free for 7 days, so you don’t have anything to lose by trying it. Are you ready to feel empowered and discover life beyond alcohol? Then download our app through the App Store or Google Play today!
For many of us, waking up on a workday morning is generally not the highlight of our day. Still, we pull ourselves together, grab a coffee, and head out (or head to our home office), even if we do it begrudgingly. And that’s the way it goes! However, this is not the case for all of us.
Imagine waking up every morning with the weight of yesterday's nightmares on our mind. Worse yet, every routine task, whether a trip to the grocery store or a simple phone call, becomes a potential trigger for past traumas.
Unfortunately, some of us don’t have to imagine this scenario. Struggles like these are the reality for those of us living with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). It’s a condition in which life becomes a daily struggle to find a semblance of stability in the midst of persisting traumatic memories.
Let’s delve into the challenging aspects of PTSD by exploring its causes, risk factors, connection to alcohol misuse, and ways of coping with it.
The American Psychiatric Association defines PTSD as a psychiatric disorder that may occur in people who experienced or witnessed one or more traumatic events. Examples of traumatic events include:
Traumatic events may be emotionally or physically harmful, or even life-threatening. The consequences of being exposed to traumatic events include mental, physical, social, and spiritual well-being effects.
Although an estimated 70% of adults in the United States will experience at least one traumatic event in their lifetime, only 20% will go on to develop PTSD. The disparity between those exposed to traumatic events and others who develop the disorder may be based on the level of trauma experienced or possibly the stigma around seeking professional help, which hides the reality of this statistic.
Looking at the overall picture, approximately 3.6% or 9.25 million adults in the U.S. have PTSD in any given year. Women are twice as likely as men to develop the disorder, with 1 in 9 women developing PTSD at some point in their lifetime.
People who have PTSD experience a wide range of symptoms.
Flashbacks are the most common and well-known symptom of PTSD. These are more than “bad memories” — they are vivid experiences in which parts of a traumatic event are re-experienced. It may feel like the event is happening again in the moment.
Not all PTSD sufferers experience all symptoms. Furthermore, not everyone with these symptoms meets the requirements of PTSD. To better understand PTSD, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders (DSM-V) identifies these key diagnostic criteria.
1. One or more incidents of exposure to actual or threatened death, serious injury, or sexual violence
2. One or more intrusive symptoms associated with the traumatic event, starting after the traumatic event occurred
3. Persistently avoiding triggers associated with the traumatic event
4. Negative changes in thoughts and mood associated with the traumatic event
5. Loss of interest or participation in significant activities
6. Two or more changes in arousal and reactivity associated with the traumatic event
7. The above symptoms are present for more than one month.
8. The symptoms cause distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning.
9. The symptoms are not a result of the effects of a substance such as medication, alcohol, or another medical condition.
The most obvious risk factor for PTSD is exposure to a traumatic event. However, as we learned, not everyone who experiences or witnesses a traumatic event will develop PTSD. This discrepancy is primarily due to the type of trauma, the length or frequency of exposure, and the increased vulnerability of some groups of individuals. The following is a list of individuals who are more at risk for developing PTSD.
Sadly, many people with PTSD suffer in silence. Perhaps it’s the stigma or a fear that no one will understand. Unfortunately, their silence stands in the way of treatment and recovery. Recently, celebrities have stepped forward to share their stories of PTSD and raise awareness of this often debilitating condition. Lady Gaga and Prince Harry are two vocal advocates of PTSD awareness.
Those of us who drink do so for many reasons. Some of us like to drink to relax, chill out, or unwind, while others enjoy having a glass or two of wine with a meal or a beer while socializing. Still, for some, drinking alcohol serves an entirely different purpose. Some of us may consume alcohol as a coping mechanism or a form of self-medication. For those of us struggling with the distress of PTSD, alcohol can transform from a social lubricant into a temporary respite from pain.
There’s a reason everything feels a little less intense when drinking: alcohol is categorized as a depressant, meaning it slows down signals in our brain. Drinking affects our body and brain by slowing our reaction time, impairing our coordination and judgment, and generally relaxing us.
Alcohol’s feel-good effects are short-lived. The National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism explains this phenomenon as the brain’s attempt to quickly adjust to alcohol’s induced positive effects to maintain balance. When the buzz wears off, we may feel more restless and anxious than we did before we drank. In other words, alcohol really does more harm than good.
We just learned that excessive consumption of alcohol often has a boomerang effect on those of us who use it as a coping method or self-medication. This effect has particular relevance for anyone who struggles with PTSD.
Research on the connection between alcohol and PTSD dates back 40 years and has consistently found that alcohol use disorder (AUD) is much higher among people with PTSD diagnoses than those with no PTSD symptoms. Over the years, research on PTSD and alcohol (and PTSD and alcohol abuse, in particular) shows constant comorbidity and point sto self-medicating as a reasonable hypothesis.
For people struggling with alcohol and PTSD, it’s clear that consuming alcohol does little to help them cope; instead, it only temporarily numbs traumatic memories. In other words, the combination of PTSD and alcohol abuse is not only a poor coping mechanism, it can also be a harmful one.
The unfortunate consequence of PTSD and alcohol abuse is often a worsening of PTSD’s symptoms. We learned that one of PTSD’s symptoms is increased reactivity. In some people who drink excessively while struggling with PTSD, their increased reactivity translates into panic attacks. While panic attacks on their own are not dangerous, for someone with PTSD, they can induce intense fear, anxiety, and flashbacks.
Many people with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) experience blackouts. These can also occur as a result of excessive alcohol intake. PTSD-alcohol blackouts may include intense flashbacks, or they may involve a dissociation from reality.
Other mental or physical health problems often accompany PTSD and drinking problems. According to the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, up to half of adults with both PTSD and drinking problems also have one or more of the following serious problems.
Without treatment for PTSD and alcohol abuse, a person can develop a destructive cycle of PTSD symptoms followed by drinking for relief of symptoms followed by increased PTSD symptoms and so on.
Current treatment strategies for the control of trauma-associated symptoms of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) related to alcohol misuse have recently been updated by Veterans Affairs (VA) and the Department of Defense (DoD) after over a decade of dedicated research. The most recent evidence suggests dramatic benefits from the use of trauma-focused therapies:
Drug treatment options are an evidence-based supplement to therapy, but neither of these work on their own. Common drugs prescribed to treat PTSD include antidepressants, anxiolytics, and antipsychotics. Evidence suggests particularly strong benefits from sertraline (Zoloft), paroxetine (Paxil), and venlafaxine (Effexor).
Dealing with PTSD symptoms can be a struggle. Healthy coping mechanisms offer a lifeline through alternative paths to relief of PTSD symptoms. From mindfulness practices to therapeutic interventions, the journey toward healing involves reclaiming the semblance of normalcy that trauma seeks to unravel.
1. Mindful journaling. Create a daily journal to explore and express your emotions. Use prompts to delve into both positive and challenging experiences. This practice fosters self-awareness, allowing you to identify triggers and feelings that may contribute to alcohol misuse.
2. Strong support systems. Connect with friends, family, or support groups who understand the complexities of PTSD and alcohol misuse. Share your journey, lean on others for support, and let them be a guiding light during challenging times.
3. Quitting or cutting back on alcohol. If you choose to consume alcohol, do so mindfully. Set limits, be aware of your triggers, and recognize when it's becoming a coping mechanism. Consider exploring alcohol-free alternatives during social events.
4. Physical activity. Engage in regular physical activity, as it has proven benefits for mental health. Whether it's a brisk walk, yoga, or dance, movement can be a powerful tool in managing both PTSD symptoms and alcohol misuse.
5. Artistic expression. Explore creative outlets as a form of therapy. Whether it's painting, writing, or playing music, artistic expression can provide a channel for processing emotions and breaking free from the constraints of trauma.
6. Professional guidance. Reach out to mental health professionals specializing in trauma and addiction. They can provide personalized guidance, therapeutic interventions, and a roadmap to recovery tailored to your unique journey.
7. The Reframe app. A mindful drinking app like Reframe is an excellent supplement to the above options. Reframe offers a holistic approach to your well-being with daily readings on a variety of topics, a 24/7 forum of fellow Reframers ready to cheer you on, 1-on-1 coaching, daily Zoom meetings, courses, and challenges.
If you’re experiencing PTSD, you are not alone. There are many resources out there to help you develop coping skills so you can move forward and thrive.
If you are experiencing a mental health crisis, please dial 988 (in the United States) to be connected with mental health resources in your area. If you live outside the U.S., dial your local mental health crisis line.
For many of us, waking up on a workday morning is generally not the highlight of our day. Still, we pull ourselves together, grab a coffee, and head out (or head to our home office), even if we do it begrudgingly. And that’s the way it goes! However, this is not the case for all of us.
Imagine waking up every morning with the weight of yesterday's nightmares on our mind. Worse yet, every routine task, whether a trip to the grocery store or a simple phone call, becomes a potential trigger for past traumas.
Unfortunately, some of us don’t have to imagine this scenario. Struggles like these are the reality for those of us living with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). It’s a condition in which life becomes a daily struggle to find a semblance of stability in the midst of persisting traumatic memories.
Let’s delve into the challenging aspects of PTSD by exploring its causes, risk factors, connection to alcohol misuse, and ways of coping with it.
The American Psychiatric Association defines PTSD as a psychiatric disorder that may occur in people who experienced or witnessed one or more traumatic events. Examples of traumatic events include:
Traumatic events may be emotionally or physically harmful, or even life-threatening. The consequences of being exposed to traumatic events include mental, physical, social, and spiritual well-being effects.
Although an estimated 70% of adults in the United States will experience at least one traumatic event in their lifetime, only 20% will go on to develop PTSD. The disparity between those exposed to traumatic events and others who develop the disorder may be based on the level of trauma experienced or possibly the stigma around seeking professional help, which hides the reality of this statistic.
Looking at the overall picture, approximately 3.6% or 9.25 million adults in the U.S. have PTSD in any given year. Women are twice as likely as men to develop the disorder, with 1 in 9 women developing PTSD at some point in their lifetime.
People who have PTSD experience a wide range of symptoms.
Flashbacks are the most common and well-known symptom of PTSD. These are more than “bad memories” — they are vivid experiences in which parts of a traumatic event are re-experienced. It may feel like the event is happening again in the moment.
Not all PTSD sufferers experience all symptoms. Furthermore, not everyone with these symptoms meets the requirements of PTSD. To better understand PTSD, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders (DSM-V) identifies these key diagnostic criteria.
1. One or more incidents of exposure to actual or threatened death, serious injury, or sexual violence
2. One or more intrusive symptoms associated with the traumatic event, starting after the traumatic event occurred
3. Persistently avoiding triggers associated with the traumatic event
4. Negative changes in thoughts and mood associated with the traumatic event
5. Loss of interest or participation in significant activities
6. Two or more changes in arousal and reactivity associated with the traumatic event
7. The above symptoms are present for more than one month.
8. The symptoms cause distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning.
9. The symptoms are not a result of the effects of a substance such as medication, alcohol, or another medical condition.
The most obvious risk factor for PTSD is exposure to a traumatic event. However, as we learned, not everyone who experiences or witnesses a traumatic event will develop PTSD. This discrepancy is primarily due to the type of trauma, the length or frequency of exposure, and the increased vulnerability of some groups of individuals. The following is a list of individuals who are more at risk for developing PTSD.
Sadly, many people with PTSD suffer in silence. Perhaps it’s the stigma or a fear that no one will understand. Unfortunately, their silence stands in the way of treatment and recovery. Recently, celebrities have stepped forward to share their stories of PTSD and raise awareness of this often debilitating condition. Lady Gaga and Prince Harry are two vocal advocates of PTSD awareness.
Those of us who drink do so for many reasons. Some of us like to drink to relax, chill out, or unwind, while others enjoy having a glass or two of wine with a meal or a beer while socializing. Still, for some, drinking alcohol serves an entirely different purpose. Some of us may consume alcohol as a coping mechanism or a form of self-medication. For those of us struggling with the distress of PTSD, alcohol can transform from a social lubricant into a temporary respite from pain.
There’s a reason everything feels a little less intense when drinking: alcohol is categorized as a depressant, meaning it slows down signals in our brain. Drinking affects our body and brain by slowing our reaction time, impairing our coordination and judgment, and generally relaxing us.
Alcohol’s feel-good effects are short-lived. The National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism explains this phenomenon as the brain’s attempt to quickly adjust to alcohol’s induced positive effects to maintain balance. When the buzz wears off, we may feel more restless and anxious than we did before we drank. In other words, alcohol really does more harm than good.
We just learned that excessive consumption of alcohol often has a boomerang effect on those of us who use it as a coping method or self-medication. This effect has particular relevance for anyone who struggles with PTSD.
Research on the connection between alcohol and PTSD dates back 40 years and has consistently found that alcohol use disorder (AUD) is much higher among people with PTSD diagnoses than those with no PTSD symptoms. Over the years, research on PTSD and alcohol (and PTSD and alcohol abuse, in particular) shows constant comorbidity and point sto self-medicating as a reasonable hypothesis.
For people struggling with alcohol and PTSD, it’s clear that consuming alcohol does little to help them cope; instead, it only temporarily numbs traumatic memories. In other words, the combination of PTSD and alcohol abuse is not only a poor coping mechanism, it can also be a harmful one.
The unfortunate consequence of PTSD and alcohol abuse is often a worsening of PTSD’s symptoms. We learned that one of PTSD’s symptoms is increased reactivity. In some people who drink excessively while struggling with PTSD, their increased reactivity translates into panic attacks. While panic attacks on their own are not dangerous, for someone with PTSD, they can induce intense fear, anxiety, and flashbacks.
Many people with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) experience blackouts. These can also occur as a result of excessive alcohol intake. PTSD-alcohol blackouts may include intense flashbacks, or they may involve a dissociation from reality.
Other mental or physical health problems often accompany PTSD and drinking problems. According to the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, up to half of adults with both PTSD and drinking problems also have one or more of the following serious problems.
Without treatment for PTSD and alcohol abuse, a person can develop a destructive cycle of PTSD symptoms followed by drinking for relief of symptoms followed by increased PTSD symptoms and so on.
Current treatment strategies for the control of trauma-associated symptoms of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) related to alcohol misuse have recently been updated by Veterans Affairs (VA) and the Department of Defense (DoD) after over a decade of dedicated research. The most recent evidence suggests dramatic benefits from the use of trauma-focused therapies:
Drug treatment options are an evidence-based supplement to therapy, but neither of these work on their own. Common drugs prescribed to treat PTSD include antidepressants, anxiolytics, and antipsychotics. Evidence suggests particularly strong benefits from sertraline (Zoloft), paroxetine (Paxil), and venlafaxine (Effexor).
Dealing with PTSD symptoms can be a struggle. Healthy coping mechanisms offer a lifeline through alternative paths to relief of PTSD symptoms. From mindfulness practices to therapeutic interventions, the journey toward healing involves reclaiming the semblance of normalcy that trauma seeks to unravel.
1. Mindful journaling. Create a daily journal to explore and express your emotions. Use prompts to delve into both positive and challenging experiences. This practice fosters self-awareness, allowing you to identify triggers and feelings that may contribute to alcohol misuse.
2. Strong support systems. Connect with friends, family, or support groups who understand the complexities of PTSD and alcohol misuse. Share your journey, lean on others for support, and let them be a guiding light during challenging times.
3. Quitting or cutting back on alcohol. If you choose to consume alcohol, do so mindfully. Set limits, be aware of your triggers, and recognize when it's becoming a coping mechanism. Consider exploring alcohol-free alternatives during social events.
4. Physical activity. Engage in regular physical activity, as it has proven benefits for mental health. Whether it's a brisk walk, yoga, or dance, movement can be a powerful tool in managing both PTSD symptoms and alcohol misuse.
5. Artistic expression. Explore creative outlets as a form of therapy. Whether it's painting, writing, or playing music, artistic expression can provide a channel for processing emotions and breaking free from the constraints of trauma.
6. Professional guidance. Reach out to mental health professionals specializing in trauma and addiction. They can provide personalized guidance, therapeutic interventions, and a roadmap to recovery tailored to your unique journey.
7. The Reframe app. A mindful drinking app like Reframe is an excellent supplement to the above options. Reframe offers a holistic approach to your well-being with daily readings on a variety of topics, a 24/7 forum of fellow Reframers ready to cheer you on, 1-on-1 coaching, daily Zoom meetings, courses, and challenges.
If you’re experiencing PTSD, you are not alone. There are many resources out there to help you develop coping skills so you can move forward and thrive.
If you are experiencing a mental health crisis, please dial 988 (in the United States) to be connected with mental health resources in your area. If you live outside the U.S., dial your local mental health crisis line.
Want to know more about the link between police, alcohol abuse, and impact of trauma? Our latest blog dives into the details of law enforcement substance abuse statistics and solutions.
Although it isn’t a treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD), the Reframe app can help you cut back on drinking gradually with the science-backed knowledge to empower you 100% of the way. Our proven program has helped millions of people around the world drink less and live more. And we want to help you get there, too!
The Reframe app equips you with the knowledge and skills you need to not only survive drinking less, but to thrive while you navigate the journey. Our daily research-backed readings teach you the neuroscience of alcohol, and our in-app Toolkit provides the resources and activities you need to navigate each challenge.
You’ll meet millions of fellow Reframers in our 24/7 Forum chat and daily Zoom check-in meetings. Receive encouragement from people worldwide who know exactly what you’re going through! You’ll also have the opportunity to connect with our licensed Reframe coaches for more personalized guidance.
Plus, we’re always introducing new features to optimize your in-app experience. We recently launched our in-app chatbot, Melody, powered by the world’s most powerful AI technology. Melody is here to help as you adjust to a life with less (or no) alcohol.
And that’s not all! Every month, we launch fun challenges, like Dry/Damp January, Mental Health May, and Outdoorsy June. You won’t want to miss out on the chance to participate alongside fellow Reframers (or solo if that’s more your thing!).
The Reframe app is free for 7 days, so you don’t have anything to lose by trying it. Are you ready to feel empowered and discover life beyond alcohol? Then download our app today!
In his now famous TEDx Talk, “Why Successful Police Reform Must Start in the Therapist’s Office,” John Monaghan talks about his first case as a police officer. Feeling proud after putting a domestic abuser in the back of his cruiser, Monaghan was brought down a notch by his sergeant, who replied with “Good job, Dick Tracy, but it doesn’t sound like rocket science to me.” In other words, “catching the bad guy” was now business as usual — it was part of the job, and Monaghan did it well, helping people by taking criminals off the street.
What he didn’t realize was that he would be the one who needed help years later, when the PTSD and substance abuse caught up with him. And Monaghan is far from alone: two to three times as many police officers die by suicide than on the job. As he says, “The silence and the bravado around this is literally killing us.” While some of the repercussions are felt during the years on the force, much of the toll takes place after retirement. “When you retire,” Monaghan explains, “you’re going to hand in your gun, your badge, but that backpack with those pebbles that now feel like boulders, you’re gonna take that with you when you go.”
What is the connection between alcohol, police officers, and mental health? And how can we make changes? Let’s dig deeper.
Law enforcement substance abuse statistics paint a stark picture of the toll police work takes on members of the force. As Karen Rodwill Solomon and Jeffrey M. McGill write in The Price They Pay, research reveals a staggering difference between the numbers of people in the general population who struggle with alcohol and substance abuse and those in law enforcement: 8.2% compared to 23%.
Moreover, exposure to violence increases the risk of Post-Traumatic Stress Injuries (PTSI) and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). The consequences are dire: the combination of PTSD and substance abuse raises the risk of suicide in law enforcement officers by a factor of 10. As Solomon and McGill conclude, “This small snapshot of research paints a grim picture on how policing can negatively impact those that take up its calling.”
Here’s a more detailed overview from recent studies.
The trauma and daily stress also takes a toll in other ways.
The statistics paint a troubling picture, but what are the reasons behind them? Why does policing take such a heavy toll?
As Solomon and McGill write, police officers face the unique challenge of facing “man-made” violence head-on: “While devastation created by nature, such as wildfire, tornadoes, and hurricanes, can be far-reaching and cause cataclysmic losses, the trauma that haunts our dreams and is the most feared is man-made.” And while the rest of us can spend hours looking at YouTube videos or scanning the news for these stories, there is nothing compared to experiencing the darker sides of human nature firsthand on a daily basis.
The overwhelming nature of all this is enough to keep anyone up at night. But when it’s your job to face tragedy without a break (and, at times, without a healthy outlet for the stress that follows), the stakes are much higher.
Unfortunately, the current culture in many police precincts doesn’t allow for such an outlet. Even worse, seeking help might be discouraged, while unhealthy coping mechanisms such as drinking become the norm. Let’s explore how this happens in more detail.
Every profession has daily stressors. Stocks drop in value, printers crash at the worst possible time, and toddlers put gummy bears in the fish tank when nobody’s looking. And, of course, there are higher-stake job woes as well, especially if we perform surgeries, operate heavy machinery, or fly planes for a living.
That said, the nature of police work in particular exposes us to some of the most traumatic aspects of life, sometimes for days on end. They see the pain people inflict on each other and are expected to put their own lives on the line to protect the victims. Sure, it’s their calling, and most of them do it without a second thought. But it takes a toll.
This is where booze comes in — but it also makes the problem worse. TV shows like Law and Order often portray detectives drinking together to take the edge off before a high-stakes chase. The “heroes” (Elliot Stabler, we’re looking at you) seem to sober up on cue and perform their duties perfectly in spite of that shot of whiskey or pint of beer. However, in real life, things are more complicated.
Police officers rush into violent scenes, chase criminals, and run toward gunfire rather than away from it much like their TV counterparts. However, the line between victim and perpetrator can blur, calling for instant decisions that are that much harder to make after a drink. Pressures from the community add an extra layer of stress, often leading to deep-seated guilt and self-doubt.
Added to that are the grueling work hours and the unpredictable (to put it mildly) work schedules, lack of sleep, and overtime shifts. The stress can act as both cause and effect, leading to mental health troubles and drinking, which then become stressors in their own right. In a TV special titled “Beneath the Vest: Conversations About Mental Health,” Pennsylvania Officer Joe Peterson shares how the daily trauma led to his mental health struggles, which in turn spread their own cloud of darkness over his life: “You fight monsters for so long that you become a monster. And I became a monster.”
In The Price They Pay, Solomon and McGill write about the consequences of the daily trauma on police officers:
“Acts of violence and depravity committed by one human being on another are personal in nature and leave those affected by them asking the questions, ‘Why did it happen to me?’ or ‘Why did it have to happen at all?’”
Over time, these haunting questions take a heavy toll on the psyche.
Science backs up the idea that past traumas often haunt the present-day lives of police officers. As statistics show, many are at higher risk of PTSD, yet often downplay its significance, even if they’ve experienced it themselves — which is a recipe for trouble.
That said, as Monaghan suggests in his talk, there’s also such a thing as “post-traumatic growth” — the light at the end of the post-traumatic stress tunnel. However, it takes work to get there. Officers need courage to speak up, listen, and accept treatment and support. Unfortunately, that support is often lacking in police culture.
There’s no single “work culture” in any industry, and policing is no different. Still, research shows that there are certain trends that show up in law enforcement agencies. Activities center on boosting a sense of camaraderie, creating bonding experiences, and providing much-needed relief from the everyday pressures and stress.
And that’s exactly where drinking comes in. A rough day on the streets? Let’s grab a beer after work. Time to meet the new recruits? What better place than the usual pub around the corner.
To make matters worse, police officers tend to downplay the risks of drinking and see efforts to address mental health repercussions of trauma and alcohol misuse as a sign of weakness.
A recent survey study of Canadian law enforcement officers focused on answering this key question: “What helps or hinders the decision to access psychological services in a police population?” The answers — statements provided by members of the force — are honest, revealing, and, at times, heartbreaking.
Here are some of the statements by participants shedding light on the barriers they face when it comes to seeking help:
“The environment I was in at work was very much of a suck it up attitude”—‘suck it up buttercup attitude’—we are supposed to have thick skin.”
“It is a career stopper [seeing a psychologist]. I wouldn’t go and talk to someone. So even now I understand there is no stigma, but I am still asking okay, well, what goes back? I recognize it could be detrimental to your career.”
“Who is going to know? Are they going to find out? … Am I going to come in to work one day and my supervisor is going to say, “I got a phone call from Health Services saying that you’re no longer fit for duty.”
There were many others who echoed these statements, saying that in a setting where you can expect to be put on the spot for “being off with the flu,” taking care of mental health issues can be a career-killer. And that’s regrettable, since sometimes addressing mental health symptoms is exactly what’s needed to save a police officer’s career — and possibly their life, as well as the lives of others they’re in charge of protecting.
Women who work in traditionally male-dominated industries might feel this problem with unique intensity. To prove yourself, showing up and doing your job isn’t enough. It takes more — sometimes a whole lot more. You often have to go above and beyond what’s required, and any mistake along the way can come back to haunt you.
Granted, things are changing. Still, one of the women surveyed in the previously mentioned study explains how the issue of mental health for women opens a new can of worms:
“Number one they allowed us [women] to come into the Force, number two dear God if you have a woman who’s weak and crying and seeing a psychologist it’s even worse. Why did you allow them to come into this Force? … I am not as physically strong and if I ever overtly said I was going to see a psychologist it would make it even worse … I have to be strong because I have to show — I may be a woman, but I can still cut the mustard!”
And it’s not just the stigma of asking for help that poses a special challenge for women — drinking itself does, too. According to a study, female police officers are just as likely as male officers to binge drink, compared to outside the police force, where women tend to have lower levels of alcohol use than men. This is partly due to the stressors mentioned earlier, but the study found that female police officers are also likely to drink in less stressful work environments, which may seem counterintuitive. The lower workplace stress is associated with them feeling more comfortable on the force and with their coworkers, and they become more accustomed to the “male officer norms,” including alcohol consumption.
This is particularly dangerous for women in many ways. Women process alcohol differently due to differences in metabolism and a higher body fat percentage. According to the CDC, it takes less to get drunk, and the alcohol takes a heavier toll health-wise. As a result, it’s easier to get trapped in a double bind: drinking to fit in with “the boys” and coping with the daily trauma, but also being afraid to ask for help for fear of revealing “feminine” weakness.
The International Association of Chiefs of Police talks about several strategies for improving the situation when it comes to problematic alcohol use, trauma, and other mental health issues that plague the police across the globe. After all, in the end, everyone’s safety is at stake.
Studies show that support from fellow members of the police force makes asking for help that much easier. It takes time for cultural shifts to happen, but experience shows it can be done!
As one of the survey participants puts it:
“I think it falls under when you go get your teeth cleaned or medical checkups — get your emotional checkup.”
And encouragement from the rest of the force — peers and supervisors alike — opens the much-needed door.
Normalizing mental health care helps create an environment where seeking care is encouraged. Monaghan talks about this in his TEDx Talk, suggesting a requirement for everyone to see a therapist several times a year to take the stigma away. It’s also crucial to train supervisors on how to identify officers who may be struggling, and how to talk with them about their difficulties. In some cases, medications might be the key to recovery. (If you’re wondering, can police officers take antidepressants? They absolutely can. However, each individual case is different, and sometimes a doctor has to clear an officer for duty, confirming that the medication won’t affect their ability to perform their job.)
As one participant puts it, “You have to talk about it. You have to talk to psychologists and feel okay about doing that. Because my whole service, that’s not what I was brought up with, so to speak.” But it can be.
Moreover, shifting away from drinking culture is crucial for the changes to stick. Changing the social structure of the agency to include activities that don’t focus on drinking can be a starting point. For example, sporting events, group workouts, or family get-togethers all provide an outlet to decompress together without booze.
In the old days (the really old days), it was all about talking. As Solomon and McGill write, “During early wars, combat occurred during the day, then at night warriors would return to the campfire to eat and discuss their actions with fellow warriors who would listen and empathize.”
Critical incident debriefing among the police force can achieve a similar effect. Framed as organized discussions that “take the participants mentally back to the time of the traumatic event and allow them to talk their way through their physical and emotional responses,” they allow participants to share their stories, fill in the gaps, and unburden themselves of the trauma that might be suppressed.
Finally, we can’t forget the families of law enforcement: they’re also affected! As Solomon and McGill observe, these are partners, children, and parents who actively participate in the lives of police officers and are affected by the trauma they face. After all, “families ... do more than make sure they get enough sleep, a hot meal and fresh uniforms in the closet. The faces of the families are yet to be seen.”
In the end, as Solomon and McGill conclude, “Society needs heroes, but most policemen, firemen, and soldiers don’t want to become heroes; they want to be men and women doing their jobs. They want to be supported and understood.”
That understanding comes from within, but it can spread like wildfire once enough people are behind it. We all deserve an opportunity to live healthy lives and, as Monaghan says, the healthier our public servants are, the healthier we’ll all be in the long run. And if you’re struggling and need some extra support, Reframe is here to help! We have a vibrant community of others who’ve been exactly where you are and know what it feels like. Check out our 24/7 Forum to share stories, get support, and hear helpful advice.
In his now famous TEDx Talk, “Why Successful Police Reform Must Start in the Therapist’s Office,” John Monaghan talks about his first case as a police officer. Feeling proud after putting a domestic abuser in the back of his cruiser, Monaghan was brought down a notch by his sergeant, who replied with “Good job, Dick Tracy, but it doesn’t sound like rocket science to me.” In other words, “catching the bad guy” was now business as usual — it was part of the job, and Monaghan did it well, helping people by taking criminals off the street.
What he didn’t realize was that he would be the one who needed help years later, when the PTSD and substance abuse caught up with him. And Monaghan is far from alone: two to three times as many police officers die by suicide than on the job. As he says, “The silence and the bravado around this is literally killing us.” While some of the repercussions are felt during the years on the force, much of the toll takes place after retirement. “When you retire,” Monaghan explains, “you’re going to hand in your gun, your badge, but that backpack with those pebbles that now feel like boulders, you’re gonna take that with you when you go.”
What is the connection between alcohol, police officers, and mental health? And how can we make changes? Let’s dig deeper.
Law enforcement substance abuse statistics paint a stark picture of the toll police work takes on members of the force. As Karen Rodwill Solomon and Jeffrey M. McGill write in The Price They Pay, research reveals a staggering difference between the numbers of people in the general population who struggle with alcohol and substance abuse and those in law enforcement: 8.2% compared to 23%.
Moreover, exposure to violence increases the risk of Post-Traumatic Stress Injuries (PTSI) and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). The consequences are dire: the combination of PTSD and substance abuse raises the risk of suicide in law enforcement officers by a factor of 10. As Solomon and McGill conclude, “This small snapshot of research paints a grim picture on how policing can negatively impact those that take up its calling.”
Here’s a more detailed overview from recent studies.
The trauma and daily stress also takes a toll in other ways.
The statistics paint a troubling picture, but what are the reasons behind them? Why does policing take such a heavy toll?
As Solomon and McGill write, police officers face the unique challenge of facing “man-made” violence head-on: “While devastation created by nature, such as wildfire, tornadoes, and hurricanes, can be far-reaching and cause cataclysmic losses, the trauma that haunts our dreams and is the most feared is man-made.” And while the rest of us can spend hours looking at YouTube videos or scanning the news for these stories, there is nothing compared to experiencing the darker sides of human nature firsthand on a daily basis.
The overwhelming nature of all this is enough to keep anyone up at night. But when it’s your job to face tragedy without a break (and, at times, without a healthy outlet for the stress that follows), the stakes are much higher.
Unfortunately, the current culture in many police precincts doesn’t allow for such an outlet. Even worse, seeking help might be discouraged, while unhealthy coping mechanisms such as drinking become the norm. Let’s explore how this happens in more detail.
Every profession has daily stressors. Stocks drop in value, printers crash at the worst possible time, and toddlers put gummy bears in the fish tank when nobody’s looking. And, of course, there are higher-stake job woes as well, especially if we perform surgeries, operate heavy machinery, or fly planes for a living.
That said, the nature of police work in particular exposes us to some of the most traumatic aspects of life, sometimes for days on end. They see the pain people inflict on each other and are expected to put their own lives on the line to protect the victims. Sure, it’s their calling, and most of them do it without a second thought. But it takes a toll.
This is where booze comes in — but it also makes the problem worse. TV shows like Law and Order often portray detectives drinking together to take the edge off before a high-stakes chase. The “heroes” (Elliot Stabler, we’re looking at you) seem to sober up on cue and perform their duties perfectly in spite of that shot of whiskey or pint of beer. However, in real life, things are more complicated.
Police officers rush into violent scenes, chase criminals, and run toward gunfire rather than away from it much like their TV counterparts. However, the line between victim and perpetrator can blur, calling for instant decisions that are that much harder to make after a drink. Pressures from the community add an extra layer of stress, often leading to deep-seated guilt and self-doubt.
Added to that are the grueling work hours and the unpredictable (to put it mildly) work schedules, lack of sleep, and overtime shifts. The stress can act as both cause and effect, leading to mental health troubles and drinking, which then become stressors in their own right. In a TV special titled “Beneath the Vest: Conversations About Mental Health,” Pennsylvania Officer Joe Peterson shares how the daily trauma led to his mental health struggles, which in turn spread their own cloud of darkness over his life: “You fight monsters for so long that you become a monster. And I became a monster.”
In The Price They Pay, Solomon and McGill write about the consequences of the daily trauma on police officers:
“Acts of violence and depravity committed by one human being on another are personal in nature and leave those affected by them asking the questions, ‘Why did it happen to me?’ or ‘Why did it have to happen at all?’”
Over time, these haunting questions take a heavy toll on the psyche.
Science backs up the idea that past traumas often haunt the present-day lives of police officers. As statistics show, many are at higher risk of PTSD, yet often downplay its significance, even if they’ve experienced it themselves — which is a recipe for trouble.
That said, as Monaghan suggests in his talk, there’s also such a thing as “post-traumatic growth” — the light at the end of the post-traumatic stress tunnel. However, it takes work to get there. Officers need courage to speak up, listen, and accept treatment and support. Unfortunately, that support is often lacking in police culture.
There’s no single “work culture” in any industry, and policing is no different. Still, research shows that there are certain trends that show up in law enforcement agencies. Activities center on boosting a sense of camaraderie, creating bonding experiences, and providing much-needed relief from the everyday pressures and stress.
And that’s exactly where drinking comes in. A rough day on the streets? Let’s grab a beer after work. Time to meet the new recruits? What better place than the usual pub around the corner.
To make matters worse, police officers tend to downplay the risks of drinking and see efforts to address mental health repercussions of trauma and alcohol misuse as a sign of weakness.
A recent survey study of Canadian law enforcement officers focused on answering this key question: “What helps or hinders the decision to access psychological services in a police population?” The answers — statements provided by members of the force — are honest, revealing, and, at times, heartbreaking.
Here are some of the statements by participants shedding light on the barriers they face when it comes to seeking help:
“The environment I was in at work was very much of a suck it up attitude”—‘suck it up buttercup attitude’—we are supposed to have thick skin.”
“It is a career stopper [seeing a psychologist]. I wouldn’t go and talk to someone. So even now I understand there is no stigma, but I am still asking okay, well, what goes back? I recognize it could be detrimental to your career.”
“Who is going to know? Are they going to find out? … Am I going to come in to work one day and my supervisor is going to say, “I got a phone call from Health Services saying that you’re no longer fit for duty.”
There were many others who echoed these statements, saying that in a setting where you can expect to be put on the spot for “being off with the flu,” taking care of mental health issues can be a career-killer. And that’s regrettable, since sometimes addressing mental health symptoms is exactly what’s needed to save a police officer’s career — and possibly their life, as well as the lives of others they’re in charge of protecting.
Women who work in traditionally male-dominated industries might feel this problem with unique intensity. To prove yourself, showing up and doing your job isn’t enough. It takes more — sometimes a whole lot more. You often have to go above and beyond what’s required, and any mistake along the way can come back to haunt you.
Granted, things are changing. Still, one of the women surveyed in the previously mentioned study explains how the issue of mental health for women opens a new can of worms:
“Number one they allowed us [women] to come into the Force, number two dear God if you have a woman who’s weak and crying and seeing a psychologist it’s even worse. Why did you allow them to come into this Force? … I am not as physically strong and if I ever overtly said I was going to see a psychologist it would make it even worse … I have to be strong because I have to show — I may be a woman, but I can still cut the mustard!”
And it’s not just the stigma of asking for help that poses a special challenge for women — drinking itself does, too. According to a study, female police officers are just as likely as male officers to binge drink, compared to outside the police force, where women tend to have lower levels of alcohol use than men. This is partly due to the stressors mentioned earlier, but the study found that female police officers are also likely to drink in less stressful work environments, which may seem counterintuitive. The lower workplace stress is associated with them feeling more comfortable on the force and with their coworkers, and they become more accustomed to the “male officer norms,” including alcohol consumption.
This is particularly dangerous for women in many ways. Women process alcohol differently due to differences in metabolism and a higher body fat percentage. According to the CDC, it takes less to get drunk, and the alcohol takes a heavier toll health-wise. As a result, it’s easier to get trapped in a double bind: drinking to fit in with “the boys” and coping with the daily trauma, but also being afraid to ask for help for fear of revealing “feminine” weakness.
The International Association of Chiefs of Police talks about several strategies for improving the situation when it comes to problematic alcohol use, trauma, and other mental health issues that plague the police across the globe. After all, in the end, everyone’s safety is at stake.
Studies show that support from fellow members of the police force makes asking for help that much easier. It takes time for cultural shifts to happen, but experience shows it can be done!
As one of the survey participants puts it:
“I think it falls under when you go get your teeth cleaned or medical checkups — get your emotional checkup.”
And encouragement from the rest of the force — peers and supervisors alike — opens the much-needed door.
Normalizing mental health care helps create an environment where seeking care is encouraged. Monaghan talks about this in his TEDx Talk, suggesting a requirement for everyone to see a therapist several times a year to take the stigma away. It’s also crucial to train supervisors on how to identify officers who may be struggling, and how to talk with them about their difficulties. In some cases, medications might be the key to recovery. (If you’re wondering, can police officers take antidepressants? They absolutely can. However, each individual case is different, and sometimes a doctor has to clear an officer for duty, confirming that the medication won’t affect their ability to perform their job.)
As one participant puts it, “You have to talk about it. You have to talk to psychologists and feel okay about doing that. Because my whole service, that’s not what I was brought up with, so to speak.” But it can be.
Moreover, shifting away from drinking culture is crucial for the changes to stick. Changing the social structure of the agency to include activities that don’t focus on drinking can be a starting point. For example, sporting events, group workouts, or family get-togethers all provide an outlet to decompress together without booze.
In the old days (the really old days), it was all about talking. As Solomon and McGill write, “During early wars, combat occurred during the day, then at night warriors would return to the campfire to eat and discuss their actions with fellow warriors who would listen and empathize.”
Critical incident debriefing among the police force can achieve a similar effect. Framed as organized discussions that “take the participants mentally back to the time of the traumatic event and allow them to talk their way through their physical and emotional responses,” they allow participants to share their stories, fill in the gaps, and unburden themselves of the trauma that might be suppressed.
Finally, we can’t forget the families of law enforcement: they’re also affected! As Solomon and McGill observe, these are partners, children, and parents who actively participate in the lives of police officers and are affected by the trauma they face. After all, “families ... do more than make sure they get enough sleep, a hot meal and fresh uniforms in the closet. The faces of the families are yet to be seen.”
In the end, as Solomon and McGill conclude, “Society needs heroes, but most policemen, firemen, and soldiers don’t want to become heroes; they want to be men and women doing their jobs. They want to be supported and understood.”
That understanding comes from within, but it can spread like wildfire once enough people are behind it. We all deserve an opportunity to live healthy lives and, as Monaghan says, the healthier our public servants are, the healthier we’ll all be in the long run. And if you’re struggling and need some extra support, Reframe is here to help! We have a vibrant community of others who’ve been exactly where you are and know what it feels like. Check out our 24/7 Forum to share stories, get support, and hear helpful advice.
